نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزش، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 استاد مدیریت ورزش، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 استادیار حقوق، گروه حقوق عمومی، دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار مدیریت ورزش، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی و تبیین ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های تشکیل‌دهنده یک چارچوب جامع برای حمایت از حقوق کودکان در ورزش بر اساس دیدگاه‌های خبرگان بود.
روش‌شناسی: پژوهش کیفی حاضر به روش تحلیل مضمون با رویکرد شش مرحله‌ای براون و کلارک (2006) انجام شد. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته با ۱۳ نفر از اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه‌ها، متخصصان مدیریت ورزش، وکلا و کارشناسان رسمی قوه قضاییه، گردآوری شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری ملاک‌مدار و گلوله‌برفی انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها پس از پیاده‌سازی و کدگذاری، با استفاده از نرم‌افزارMAXQDA2020  تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس تحلیل داده‌ها ۸۹۰ کد اولیه، ۳۲ مضمون فرعی و ۷ مضمون اصلی شناسایی شد. چارچوب حمایت از حقوق کودکان در ورزش بر هفت مضمون اصلی شامل قانون‌گذاری، سیاست‌گذاری، شناسایی آسیب‌‌ها و عوامل خطر، فرهنگی و اجتماعی، آموزش و پیشگیری اولیه، حفاظت و مشارکت استوار بود. این مضامین، ابعاد به‌هم‌پیوسته چارچوب حمایت از حقوق کودکان را تشکیل می‌دهند.
نتیجه‌گیری: حمایت از حقوق کودکان در ورزش پدیده‌ای چندبعدی است و تحقق آن نیازمند گذار از رویکرد واکنشی به رویکردی حقوق‌محور، پیشگیرانه و کودک‌محور است. چارچوب حاصل نشان می‌دهد حمایت مؤثر زمانی تحقق می‌یابد که قانون‌گذاری و سیاست‌گذاری، آموزش و پیشگیری اولیه، حفاظت، فرهنگ‌سازی و مشارکت کودک در قالب یک نظام منسجم و قابل اجرا به یکدیگر پیوند یابند. در این چارچوب، کودک دارنده حق و مشارکت‌کننده فعال در محیط ورزشی است و حمایت از او باید در تمامی سطوح و مراحل فعالیت ورزشی نهادینه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Elucidating a Framework for Safeguarding Children's Rights in Sport: A Thematic Analysis of Expert Perspectives

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sheyda Amini 1
  • Fatemeh Abdavi 2
  • Amir Saed Vakil 3
  • Mohammad Rasoul Khodadadi 4

1 Ph.D Student in Sport Management, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2 Professor of Sport Management, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

3 Assistant Professor of Law, Department of Public Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Professor of Sport Management, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Objective: The present study aimed to identify and elucidate the dimensions and components constituting a comprehensive framework for the protection of children’s rights in sports, based on experts’ perspectives.
Methodology: This qualitative study was conducted using thematic analysis based on the six-phase approach proposed by Braun & Clarke (2006). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 13 participants, including university faculty members, sports management specialists, lawyers, and official experts of the Judiciary. Participants were selected using criterion-based and snowball sampling. Following transcription and coding, the data were analyzed using MAXQDA 2020.
Results: Data analysis resulted in the identification of 890 initial codes, 32 sub-themes, and 7 main themes. The framework for safeguarding children’s rights in sports comprised seven main themes: legislation, policymaking, identification of harms and risk factors, cultural and social factors, education and primary prevention, protection, and participation. These themes represent interconnected dimensions of the framework for safeguarding children’s rights in sports.
Conclusion: Safeguarding children’s rights in sport is a multidimensional process that requires a shift from a reactive approach toward a rights-based, preventive, and child-centered approach. The resulting framework indicates that effective safeguarding can be achieved when legislation and policymaking, education and primary prevention, protection, cultural awareness, and child participation are integrated within a coherent and implementable system. Within this framework, children are recognized as rights-holders and active participants in the sporting environment, and their rights should be embedded across all levels and stages of sports participation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Children’s rights
  • Children’s sports
  • Safeguarding Children's Rights
  • Child protection
  • Child participation
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