نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار مطالعات برنامه درسی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

2 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، گروه بیومکانیک ورزشی و رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر، ارزشیابی برنامه ­درسی قصد شده و اجرا شده رشته علوم ورزشی مقطع کارشناسی از منظر استادان و دانشجویان دانشگاه مازندران بود.
روش‌شناسی: رویکرد پژوهش کمی و روش، توصیفی- پیمایشی بود. جامعه آماری شامل استادان و دانشجویان رشته علوم ورزشی دانشگاه مازندران در سال تحصیلی 1403 - 1402 به ترتیب 22 و 340 نفر بودند. حجم نمونه در بخش استادان، به­ صورت تمام­شمار و در بخش دانشجویان براساس جدول مورگان و با استفاده از روش تصادفی طبقه‌­ای نسبتی، 181 نفر به دست آمد. ابزارهای پژوهش حاضر، پرسشنامه‌­های محقق ساخته برای استادان و دانشجویان و همچنین مشاهده کلاس درس در دو بخش برنامه‌­درسی قصد شده و اجرا شده بود که روایی محتوایی آن 89 درصد به دست آمد. پایایی پرسشنامه‌­ها با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ در برنامه ­درسی قصد شده 0/97 در بخش استادان و 90 درصد در بخش دانشجویان؛ در برنامه­درسی اجرا شده در بخش استادان 0/96 و در بخش دانشجویان 0/83 و پایایی ابزار مشاهده با استفاده از ضریب توافقی 0/92 به دست آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها از آمار توصیفی (درصد و فراوانی) و آمار استنباطی (آزمون تی وابسته و تی تک نمونه‌­ای) استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که از نظر استادان، بین برنامه ­درسی قصد شده و اجرا شده در همه عناصر (هدف، محتوا، راهبرد یاددهی- یادگیری و ارزشیابی) شکاف اساسی وجود داشت. از دیدگاه دانشجویان، بین اهداف برنامه ­درسی قصد شده و اجرا شده همخوانی وجود نداشت، ولی بین عناصر دیگر (محتوا، راهبرد یاددهی- یادگیری و ارزشیابی) برنامه ­درسی قصد شده و اجرا شده شکاف مشاهده شد. نتایج حاصل از مشاهده کلاس درس نیزحاکی از آن بود که بین برنامه ­درسی اجرا شده با قصد شده همخوانی وجود ندارد.
نتیجه‌گیری: وجود شکاف بین برنامه­درسی قصد و اجرا شده نشان می‌­دهد که بازنگری در برنامه­ درسی جهت ارتقای کیفیت آموزش این رشته ضروری است. همچنین جهت تحقق برنامه­‌های درسی مصوب، مجموعه‌­ای از عوامل نیاز است تا به درستی به مرحله عمل و اجرا برسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Degree of Compliance between the Intended and Implemented Curriculum in the Field of Sport sciences: From Design to Action

نویسندگان [English]

  • Meimanat Abedini Baltork 1
  • Mozhgan Memarmoghaddam 2
  • Afsaneh Yanpi 3

1 Associate Professor in Curriculum, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Motor Behavior, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

3 M.A. Student in Curriculum Studies, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

چکیده [English]

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the planned and implemented curriculum of the undergraduate sport sciences major University of Mazandaran.
Methodology: This research was designed quantitatively and followed the descriptive survey method. The statistical population included 22 professors and 340 students of the Sport Sciences major at the University of Mazandaran in the academic year 2023-2024, respectively. To select the professors, the census sampling method was employed, and to select the students, Morgan's table and proportional stratified random sampling were used, resulting in the selection of 181 students to participate in the study. The research instruments included researcher-made questionnaires for professors and students, along with a quantitative classroom observation checklist. These tools were designed to assess both the intended and implemented curriculum, and their content validity was calculated as 89%. The reliability of the questionnaires, calculated using Cronbach's alpha, was as follows: for the intended curriculum, 0.97 (professors' questionnaire) and 0.90 (students' questionnaire); for the implemented curriculum, 0.96 (professors' questionnaire) and 0.83 (students' questionnaire. . The reliability of the observation tool using the coefficient of agreement was also obtained as 0.92. Descriptive statistics (percentage and frequency) and inferential statistics (dependent t-test and one-sample t-test) were used to analyze the collected data.
Results The results showed that from the professors' perspective, there was a fundamental gap between the intended and implemented curriculum in all elements (goal, content, teaching-learning strategy, and evaluation). From the students' perspective, there was a gap between the intended and implemented curriculum in terms of goals, as well as in other elements (content, teaching-learning strategy, and evaluation. The results from classroom observation also indicated that there was no congruence between the implemented and intended curriculum.
Conclusion: The existence of a gap between the intended and implemented curriculum shows that a revision of the curriculum is necessary to improve the quality of education in this field. Also, in order to realize the approved curricula, a set of factors is needed to reach the implementation stage properly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Curriculum
  • Intended Curriculum
  • Implemented Curriculum
  • Sport Sciences
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