نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه جهرم، جهرم، ایران
چکیده
هدف: ورزش حرفهای با رویکردی بازارگرایانه علاوه بر مزایای اجتماعی گاهی در برخی جنبهها به استثمار ورزشکاران پرداخته است. هدف این تحقیق شناسایی مصادیق استثمار ورزشکاران توسط باشگاهها و فضای کلی ورزش حرفهای بود.
روش‌شناسی: روش تحقیق کیفی بود که با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری هدفمند 12 ورزشکار، کارشناس و مدیر به عنوان مشارکت‌کننده انتخاب شدند و از طریق مصاحبههای عمیق و نیمه‌ساختاریافته داده‌ها جمع‌آوری شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد مصادیق استثمار ورزش در هشت قضیه شامل استثمار بدنی (صدمات جسمی، بهداشت تمرین، تخریب بدن)، استثمار روحی (طرد خانواده، تحقیر اجتماعی)، استثمار هویت (تبعیضجنسیتی، تبعیض قومی مذهبی)، استثمار اجتماعی (رسانه مداری، توقعات، کژ نقشی اجتماعی، سردرگمی)، استثمار اقتصادی (قرار دادها، بازنشستگی، حقوق)، استثمار فرهنگی (جنگ رسانهای سبک زندگی) استثمار مالکیت انسانی (نگاه ابزاری، ابزار جنگی) و استثمار تربیتی (خشونت رفتاری، خشونت کلامی، خشونت روانی) می‌باشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر میرسد وجود فرهنگهای محلی، نفود تفکرات لیبرالیسیتی حمکرانان ورزشی و در نهایت عدم آگاهی ورزشکار از مسیر زندگی حرفهای خود گاهی منجر به استثمار زندگی ورزشکار در ابعاد گوناگون شده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Identifying Manifestations of Exploitation in Professional Sport
نویسنده [English]
- Mohammad Sadegh Afroozeh
Assitant Professor of Sport Management, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Jahrom University, Jahrom, Iran
چکیده [English]
Objective: Professional sport with a market-oriented approach, in addition to social benefits, has sometimes exploited athletes in some aspects. The purpose of this study was to identify Manifestations of exploitation of athletes by clubs and the general atmosphere of professional sports.
Methodology: This research was conducted qualitatively. Sampling was purposive and 12 athletes, experts and manager were selected as participants and data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews.
Results: The results showed Manifestations of sports exploitation in eight cases including physical exploitation (physical injuries, exercise health, body destruction), emotional exploitation (family rejection, social humiliation), identity exploitation (gender discrimination, ethnic-religious discrimination), social exploitation (media orientation). Expectations, social role distortion, confusion), economic exploitation (contracts, pensions, salaries), cultural exploitation (lifestyle media war), exploitation of human property (instrumental view, tools of war) and educational exploitation (behavioral violence, verbal violence, Psychological violence).
Conclusion: However, the existence of local cultures, the influence of liberal ideas of sports colleagues and finally the athlete's lack of awareness of the course of his professional life has sometimes led to the exploitation of the athlete's life in various dimensions
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Professional Sport
- Exploitation
- Athlete
- Violence
- Discrimination
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