نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زبان شناسی و زبان های خارجه، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

3 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

چکیده

هدف: تحلیل کاربست نظریه های کاربردشناسی زبان موضوعی جدید است. پژوهش حاضر در بستری زبان شناختی و با تکیه بر نظریه «کارگفت» به بررسی نقش انواع کارگفت ها در تعاملات گفتاری در بافت ورزشی میان مربیان و بازیکنان فوتبال ایران پرداخته است. بدین منظور  فراوانی کارگفت ها در میان مربیان فوتبال ایران و بازیکنان آنها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.
روش شناسی: در این پژوهش از روش کیفی(مصاحبه) استفاده شده بدین منظور، ۴۰ مصاحبه از چهار نفر از مربیان و 20 بازیکن لیگ برتر فوتبال ایران گردآوری گردید. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از مدل کارگفت جان.آر. سرل(1975) استفاده شد. پنج سطح از مدل کارگفت سرل عبارتند از: اظهاری، تعهدی، عاطفی، اعلامی و ترغیبی. برای اطمینان از اعتبار و پایایی داده ها, مصاحبه ها هم از تیم های برنده و هم بازنده به عمل آمد.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که کارگفت های اظهاری، عاطفی و ترغیبی به ترتیب بیشتر در گفتگوهای بین مربیان و بازیکنان استفاده می شود، همچنین کارگفت های تعهدی و اعلامی کمترین کاربرد را داشتند. از سوی دیگر، نتایج حاصل از تحلیل ها در مسابقات منتج به برد و باخت تیم ها، تفاوت داشتند.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج از میزان بسامد بالای کارگفت ها و اهمیت و تاثیر بسزای آنها در بافت ورزشی حکایت  می کند.  از سویی دیگر مشخص گردید که روابط نزدیک بین مربیان و بازیکنان تا چه حد می تواند با استفاده از هر یک از کارگفت های اظهاری، تعهدی، عاطفی، اعلامی و ترغیبی در موقعیت های مختلف و گفت و گوهای قبل از مسابقات و بعد از مسابقات، در موفقیت و ناکامی آنها موثر باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Speech Act Analysis of Iranian Pro League Football Coaches and team players Depending on Austin and Searle’s Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hassan Ferdowsi 1
  • Elkhas veysi 2
  • heidar Hoseini 3

1 Assistant professor, Sport Management department, Payame –Noor University, Iran

2 Associate professor, Department of Linguistics and foreign languages, Payame –Noor University, Iran

3 Assistant professor, Sport Management department, Payame –Noor University, Iran

چکیده [English]

Objective: The application analysis is a new thematic language theory. The present study was conducted in the linguistic hospitalization and relying on the theory of "speech act", investigating the role of various types of speech acts in speech interactions in sports tissue between coaches and football players in Iran. For this purpose, the frequency of the said work has been investigated among Iranian football coaches and their players.
Methodology: To this end, the researcher collected 40 interviews of four Iranian football coaches (C1, C2, C3 and C4) and 20 Iranian football players. Searle’s (1976) speech acts model was used to analyze the data. Five classes of Searle’s speech act model are: Commissives, Directives, Expressives, Declarative, and assertive. To ensure a higher level of quality and reliability, the same number of utterances chosen from both losing games and winning games.
Results: Then, after selecting and counting all speech acts in their speech, the results obtained by statistical analysis showed that assertive, expressive and directive were respectively the most frequently used speech acts and commissive and declarative were the least used speech acts in the case of both coaches and football players.
Conclusion: On the other hand, losing matches and winning matches yielded different results. Finally, the findings generally indicate that how close relations between coaches and players would be practically possible by using some speech acts given and taken between them in different contexts and situations.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Speech acts
  • Searle Model
  • Football Coaches
  • Football Players
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