نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار گردشگری، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گیلان
چکیده
هدف: بهره‌گیری از سرمایه‌ها و مواریث بومی محلی استان گیلان به عنوان عامل مؤثر در تنوع‌بخشی جاذبه‌های گردشگری ورزشی، رونق اقتصادی و اشتغا‌ل‌زایی و تعیین اولویت‌های راهبردی توسعه گردشگری ورزشی است.
روش‌شناسی: در پژوهشی کاربردی و به روش توصیفی تحلیلی، عرضه‌داشت‌های ورزشی بومی محلی استان گیلان شناسایی و سپس عوامل تأثیرگذار درونی و بیرونی بر توسعه گردشگری‌ورزشی جمع‌آوری گردیدند. ضمن مصاحبه با 10 نفر از متخصصان گردشگری‌ورزشی و نیز توزیع پرسشنامه در بین 134 نفر از متخصصان و گردشگران ورزشی استان گیلان که بر اساس نمونه‌گیری هدفمند دردسترس و گلوله برفی انتخاب گردیدند، مهمترین نقاط قوت، ضعف، فرصت و تهدید انتخاب شدند و استراتژیها در چهار گروه ماتریس SWOT تدوین گردید.در نهایت با استفاده از مقایسات زوجی در روش تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی AHP، استراتژیها مقایسه و رتبه‌بندی شدند.
یافته‌ها: مهمترین نقاط قوت توسعه گردشگری ورزشی استان، موقعیت جغرافیایی و جاذبه‌هـای متنوع طبیعی و ورزش‌های کهن بومی محلی هستند و کمبود زیرساخت‌های گردشگری ورزشی و فقدان همکاری لازم میان سازمان‌های متولی و جامعه محلی مهمترین نقاط ضعف آن به شمار می‌روند. اشتغـال‌زایی و احیاء و زنده نگاه داشتن سرمایه‌هـا و مواریث بومی محلی گردشگری ورزشی، مهمترین فرصت و از بین رفتن و به فراموشی سپردن آداب و رسوم فرهنگی و نیز تخریب تدریجی منابع طبیعی مهمترین تهدید گردشگری ورزشی استان از منظر جامعه آماری گزارش گردید.
نتیجه‌گیری:عرضه‌داشت‌های بومی محلی گردشگری ورزشی استان گیلان به عنوان سرمایه‌فرهنگی و اجتماعی دارای کارکرد فزاینده و رو به رشد درونگرا و برون‌گرا در سطح خرد و کلان بوده، لیکن تاکنون بهره گیری درخوری از آنها به عمل نیامده است. به منظور برنامه‌ریزی و عملیاتی نمودن طرحهای آتی توسعه گردشگری ورزشی استان و استفاده از این سرمایه ها، اولویت راهبردی برگزیدۀ اول، راهبرد تدافعـی است که در آن بر رفع آسیب‌پذیری منطقه مورد پژوهش و استفاده از راهکـارهای تأثیرگذار تأکید می‌گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigating the Role of Indigenous-Local Sport Offerings in Guilan Tourism Development Based on A'WOT Integrated Model
نویسنده [English]
- Hamideh Beigi
Associate Professor, University of Guilan,
چکیده [English]
Objective: The utilization of Guilan's indigenous-local capital and heritages is considered as an effective factor in diversifying sport tourism attractions, promoting economic prosperity and employment, and defining strategic priorities for sport tourism development.
Methodology: In a applied and descriptive-analytical study, the supply of indigenous sports sports in Gilan province was identified and then the internal and external influencing factors on the development of tourism and sports were collected.By interviewing 10 sport tourism specialists and distributing the questionnaire among 132 sport and tourism professionals in Guilan and provincial sport tourists, who were selected based on purposive, convenience and snowball sampling, the most important factors were identified as strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Then, strategies were formulated into four groups of SWOT matrices using these factors and SWOT analysis. Finally, strategies were compared and ranked using paired comparisons in the AHP hierarchical analysis.
Results: Geographical location, diverse natural attractions and indigenous-local ancient sports were the most important strengths for developing sports tourism in the province and lack of sport tourism infrastructure and lack of necessary cooperation between trustee organizations and local community were the most important weaknesses.Emploing and revitalizing and preserving the local capital and heritage of the local-indigenous sport tourism were the most important opportunity; and the elimination and neglect ion of cultural customs as well as the gradual degradation of natural resources were reported as the most important threats to provincial sport tourism from the statistical population perspective.
Conclusion: Indigenous-Local Sport Tourism Offerings in Guilan, as a cultural and social capital have a growingfunction of introverts and extroverts at the micro and macro levels, but so far they have not been properly exploited. In order to plan and implement future programes for the sport tourism development and use these capitals, the first strategic priority is the defensive strategy in which the vulnerability removal of the study area and the use of effective strategies are emphasized.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Keywords: Indigenous-Local sport
- Sport Tourism
- Strategic planning
- TOWS Matris
- A’WOT Model
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