haniyeh naserzadeh; Mohamadreza esmaeli
Abstract
Today, requesting phenomenon of hosting a sport event is considered to be part of strategies for developing cities and countries. According to advantages of hosting mega sports events and also effective factors in gaining the event hosting, this research intended to develop strategies for hosting international ...
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Today, requesting phenomenon of hosting a sport event is considered to be part of strategies for developing cities and countries. According to advantages of hosting mega sports events and also effective factors in gaining the event hosting, this research intended to develop strategies for hosting international sports events in Iran. For this purpose, the researcher collected thematic literature through books, magazines and internet to develop the subject. The research method is qualitative. For preparing the research conceptual model, the researcher applied the data-based theory approach (grand theory) presented by Strauss and Corbin. The research statistical society are 15 key members of experts and informants including professors who are also experienced in executing sport in Iran. The research findings are calculated by Inferential Statistics, the data-based theorizing approach. In this approach open coding technique applied, 100 basic concepts are determined which classified into 94 subcategory concepts and in axial coding step, around 6 original categories classification have done. The results of qualitative data of interviews present paradigm model developing strategies (6 categories) for hosting international mega sports events in Iran. The results show that determining requirements, relationship management and administration, determining approach, cognition and awareness, culture-building, resource management are part of axial category, strategies which experts have expressed.
Zahra Mohammadi; sara keshkar; Habib Honari; GHolamali Karegar
Abstract
Objective: The global trend of population aging presents numerous challenges for countries. One such challenge is age discrimination. This study aims to provide a model for managing age discrimination against older adults in sports. Methodology: This study was qualitative and fundamental in purpose. ...
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Objective: The global trend of population aging presents numerous challenges for countries. One such challenge is age discrimination. This study aims to provide a model for managing age discrimination against older adults in sports. Methodology: This study was qualitative and fundamental in purpose. It was conducted using the grounded theory method based on the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin (1997). The population consisted of selected older adults, and specialists in sports management and physical education, cultural sociology, gerontology, and psychology. Research samples were selected through purposive and theoretical sampling, resulting in 20 interviews that achieved theoretical saturation. The validity of the data was confirmed according to the criteria proposed by Lincoln and Guba.Results: By analyzing the interviews, initially conceptual propositions and then open codes and axial codes were formulated in the context of six dimensions that include causal factors (7), contextual factors (4), intervening factors (5), strategies (4), outcomes (4), and the central category that forms the final model Discussion: Implementing an anti-discrimination model in sports can enhance the conditions and opportunities for older adults and other age groups. This model includes policy approaches, encouragement and support, awareness raising, and organizational culture development. Furthermore, with appropriate policymaking, creating discrimination-free sports environments will be achievable, contributing to social justice and improving the quality of life for older adults.
Mohammadrasoul Khodadadi; Sanaz Abiri
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to provide a conceptual framework for promoting morning citizen sports in the women's community.Methodology: The present research is a practical qualitative study using grounded theory data analysis method. The statistical population of the study included sports ...
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Objective: The aim of the present study was to provide a conceptual framework for promoting morning citizen sports in the women's community.Methodology: The present research is a practical qualitative study using grounded theory data analysis method. The statistical population of the study included sports management professors, managers, and experienced experts of the East Azerbaijan Sports and Youth Administration, as well as experts in the field of women's sports. The sample was selected from among the members of the community using purposive sampling and snowball sampling methods. The research tool was a semi-structured interview with 17 research experts, which continued until theoretical saturation was reached. The validity of the research was confirmed by relevant experts, and the reliability of the research was obtained using the intra-subjective agreement method, which was 83%.Results: Content analysis of the research interviews identified five main categories and 13 concepts in the section on barriers and challenges to women’s participation in morning exercise. In this section, the concept of family cultural level had the highest frequency, with an importance score of 29. Additionally, in the section on factors influencing participation, eight main categories and 12 concepts were identified, with the concept of women’s perception and self-awareness holding the highest significance score of 21 among other concepts.Conclusion: To increase women’s participation in morning exercise, comprehensive actions at individual and social levels are essential to foster a sense of security and social cohesion, thereby encouraging greater female involvement.
Mahboobeh Rouzbahani; Fateh Farazyani; Heidar Hosseini; Zeinab Dohoii
Abstract
Objective: The goal of this study was to identify the factors affecting the use of health roads for leisure based on grounded theory approach.Methodology: The method of the present research was descriptive and in terms of data collection method was qualitative with the foundation data approach. The statistical ...
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Objective: The goal of this study was to identify the factors affecting the use of health roads for leisure based on grounded theory approach.Methodology: The method of the present research was descriptive and in terms of data collection method was qualitative with the foundation data approach. The statistical population included all the sports managers of the municipality and the Department of Sports and Youth of Babak city of Kerman, whose number is more than 30. Snowball sampling continued up to 15 people when the research reached theoretical saturation. A semi-structured interview was used as the research tool. The validity of the research instrument was assessed and confirmed through reliability, verifiability, trustworthiness and transferability and its reliability by P-Scott coefficient method. Data analysis was conducted using Strauss-Corbin systematic coding (open, axial and selective coding).Results: The findings indicated that the best solution based on the research’s Grounded theory model, includes seven factors across three conditions: causal, intervening and contextual, along with 37 related components. these factors encompass women’s sports, social aspects, sports environment, behavioral recommendations, awareness-raising and motivational factors.Conclusion: The results showed that increasing the use of health roads for leisure requires improving infrastructure, effective advertising, raising public awareness, and providing financial and non-financial incentives. It is recommended that policymakers and urban managers enhance service quality and implement targeted planning to increase public participation.
vahid nazari; Seyyed Mohammad Hosein Razavi; morteza dousti; Farzam Farzan
Abstract
Objective: Professional sports have become an integral part of profit-driven economic structures, with their existence rooted in sports clubs. Consequently, the development and extensive activities of professional sports are impossible without sports clubs. This study aims to qualitatively analyze the ...
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Objective: Professional sports have become an integral part of profit-driven economic structures, with their existence rooted in sports clubs. Consequently, the development and extensive activities of professional sports are impossible without sports clubs. This study aims to qualitatively analyze the causal, contextual, and intervening factors influencing the establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran.Methodology: This research employed a qualitative approach using grounded theory methodology. The statistical population consisted of all experts in the field of professional volleyball club management in Iran. Participants included 20 key and experts, selected through theoretical sampling. The trustworthiness and dependability of the study were established using credibility criteria across 10 indicators. Interviews continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. A set of concepts and categories were derived through open, axial, and selective coding processes.Results. The findings of this study suggest that legal and economic factors in the causal conditions section, financial and legal factors in the contextual conditions section, and investment factors in the facilitating intervening conditions section, as well as management factors in the constraining intervening conditions section, significantly impact the establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran.Conclusion: The establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran requires a legal framework to rationalize the conditions for the presence of privately and cooperatively owned teams, based on revenue generation from sports club activities.
Hamdollah Elyasi; Morteza Rezayi soofi; Abolfazl Farahani; Hamid Gasemi
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to design a model for the development of social capital in the student sports volunteering activities.Methodology: The present study was conducted based on the purpose of basic research and in terms of collecting exploratory information and using the data theory ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to design a model for the development of social capital in the student sports volunteering activities.Methodology: The present study was conducted based on the purpose of basic research and in terms of collecting exploratory information and using the data theory of the foundation. The statistical population was all professors, experts, specialists and expert professors active in the field of sports management and active in the field of student sports in Iran. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. The collected data were analyzed using open, axial and selective coding and the final model was extracted.Results: Based on the obtained results, causal factors in the categories of students' volunteer value, leisure and entertainment, sports volunteer function and the obligation to prevent social harms; Underlying conditions in the context of facilities, economic context, structural-legal context and managerial context; Interfering factors in two dimensions of barriers and facilitators; Strategies in factors such as adaptation of urban environments and sports venues, macro policy, allocation of funds and financial resources, employment of volunteer forces, promotion and dissemination of volunteer culture, active and continuous participation of students in sporting events and finally the consequences in three individual dimensions , Social and educational are counted.Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the components of the model have variables and categories, the realization of which leads to the development of social capital in the student sports volunteering activities.
Hamid Reza Vakili; Mahvash Noorbakhsh; Abas khodayari
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to designing a model to recruit academic sport elites in sport organizations of Iran.Methodology: The method of this research was qualitative research with grounded theory approach. The statistical population of the study was all employees of the Ministry of Sports ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to designing a model to recruit academic sport elites in sport organizations of Iran.Methodology: The method of this research was qualitative research with grounded theory approach. The statistical population of the study was all employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. Theoretical saturation was achieved after 15 deep and semi-structured interviews with experts and Academic Sport Elites in Ministry of Sport and Youth. Categories were identified after completing the process of coding and data abstraction. Purposive and snowball sampling was done until theoretical saturation. The model was designed according to systematic model of Strauss and Corbin (1994). Interviews were recorded by Audio and writing files and Data analysis in three steps: open, axial and selective coding was achieved by using MAXQDA 2020 software. Validity and reliability of the coding were confirmed by quality control of qualitative researches.Results: The model designed in this study includes effective dimensions and components, barriers and strategies, characteristics, causal, contextual, mediating conditions, constituent elements and central phenomena, outcomes and strategies of public policy implementation.Conclusion: The country's sports managers can use the concepts and categories identified in their future plans in order to employ sports elites scientific in organizations.
noshin benar; fatemeh saeedi; Azar Khosravi Aghdam
Abstract
Objective: The present study was aimed at providing a feasibility model for the development of electronic sports with the approach of business and job creation.Methodology: The research method is qualitative with exploratory nature and the data theory strategy of the foundation has been used in it. The ...
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Objective: The present study was aimed at providing a feasibility model for the development of electronic sports with the approach of business and job creation.Methodology: The research method is qualitative with exploratory nature and the data theory strategy of the foundation has been used in it. The statistical population of the study included elites and executive and academic specialists in the field of e-sports, business and employmentin Guilan province. Targeted and snowball sampling methods were used for sampling for semi-structured interviews. A total of 15 interviews were conducted and sampling continued until the study reached theoretical saturation and adequacy.Results: The research findings show that after more detailed classification, 143 sub-concepts 73 concepts and 18 categories have been enumerated in the form of a paradigm model including the development of e-sports as a central category and causal conditions (nature of stakeholders (actors) of e-sports ecosystem, economic nature). Intervention conditions (legal challenges, structural challenges), contextual conditions (identification, attractiveness), strategies (infrastructure development, capacity development, managerial-structural development, socio-cultural development) and consequences (improvement and facilitation of e-sports business environment) were located.Conclusion: based on the qualitative approach, the feasibility model for the development of e-sports was reviewed and depicted, and based on it, it can be said that managers and officials can strengthen technological infrastructure, educational infrastructure and physical infrastructure while developing human capabilities, financial capabilities and the marketing and platforming capabilities of business creation, partnerships, financial incentives, and a focus on culture-building, and information dissemination improve and facilitate the e-sports business environment.
Jafar Khoshbakhti; mahtab nasseh; mohsen nakhzari moghadam
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analysis factors and strategies of competitive sport development in South Khorasan Methodology: This research methodology has been of the type of qualitative research (Grounded Theory) and in terms of the result of applied research. It is also exploratory in ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to analysis factors and strategies of competitive sport development in South Khorasan Methodology: This research methodology has been of the type of qualitative research (Grounded Theory) and in terms of the result of applied research. It is also exploratory in terms of its purpose due to its qualities. To gather information, profound interviews have been used by experts and experts and using the results of this stage, we developed a strategy for the development of competitive sports in South Khorasan Province. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts, experts and experts in the field of this research including experts and sports managers familiar with the subject of research, sports science professors and managers and managers of sports organizations that are selected by snowball method.Results: The results showed that shortages and barriers, as well as manpower, as causal conditions, support categories and facilitators as the ground conditions, the category of culture and society as intervening conditions, have been considered as a consequence.Conclusion: It seems that we are encounter with the most of issues and challenges to competitive sport development in South Khorasan, that the most of them are out of control. Therefore Motivational Strategies as the Interventionist factor and also focus on developing paths to Increasing internal and external interactions, Fundraising, Focus on teaching, and applied research, is recommended as effective strategies.
Hossein Zakizade; nima majedi; mahdi naderi nasab
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to design a model of professional structure development for sports organizations based on Grounded Theory.Methodology: The research method is qualitative with systematic analysis approach. The statistical population consisted of two sections of human society (former ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to design a model of professional structure development for sports organizations based on Grounded Theory.Methodology: The research method is qualitative with systematic analysis approach. The statistical population consisted of two sections of human society (former managers of physical education organization, current managers and heads and former National Olympic Committee and Ministry of Sport and Youth) and information society. The statistical sample was selected based on theoretical saturation in a non-probability purposive and snowball technique (17 subjects and 54 documents). Validity of the instrument was evaluated using descriptive qualitative methods (content validity, kappa coefficient). Systematic approach was used for data analysis during three stages of open, axial and selective coding.Results: Finally 18 main categories (Internal & External Environment, Organizational Culture, Professional Structure, Executive Guidelines, Administrative Bureaucracy, Managers Intervention, Level of Control, Human and Financial Resources, Technology, Employee Readiness, Infrastructure, Standardization, Freelance, Quality Improvement Communication, delegating authority, productivity, improving decision making and improving sports performance) and 22 concepts were extracted.Conclusion: The concept of professional structure is very important in designing sports organizations and has many aspects. Also, using this model, one can expect the development of professional structure of sports organizations in Iran.
Abbas Sobhani; reza andam; Hassan Bahrololoum; Rasoul Faraji
Abstract
The present study objective was to compile and investigate a Pattern of Iran Sport Tourism Security management with Grounded Theory approach.The study Methodology was qualitative based on grounded theory and systematic approach. The statistical population included experts, the professors and researchers, ...
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The present study objective was to compile and investigate a Pattern of Iran Sport Tourism Security management with Grounded Theory approach.The study Methodology was qualitative based on grounded theory and systematic approach. The statistical population included experts, the professors and researchers, events organizers, security providers, athletes and spectators on sports events that Purposive Sampling used based on Theoretical approach and data collection continued until theoretical saturation and 17 semi-structured interviews were conducted. In order to analyze the data, systematic method including Open, axial, and selective three-step encodings was used.Totally 146 initial code were created, Then all the same code were placed in its own category and reduced to 19 Subcategory, Eventually, 7 main categories were created based on secondary open source codes which included Promotion of Sport Tourism Security Management, human resource management, infrastructure, physical protection, Security Management Planning, event hosting conditions and individual and organizational Consequences. In the following and through axial and selective codinf the identified categories were placed in paradigm model and the relation between them were determined. This paradigmatic model includes core phenomena, casual conditions, context conditions, meddeler conditions, strategies and consequences. So Sport Tourism Security Management Model was was compiled.According to the study findings we Can say that managers and staff of sports tourism can focus on the developing of human resources management, security management plan compilation, physical protection, infrastructures and improving hosting candidations for events to Increase sports spectators mental security and better holding of sports events.
Ahmad Asadinia; noshin benar; MehrAli Hematineghad; Mohammad Khabiri; shahram shafiee
Abstract
Objective: The clubs are owned by supporters is one of the common forms of football clubs’ governance. Hence, The purpose of this study was to identify the strategies for adopting the model of supporters ownership in the Esteghlal FC.Methodology: This research was conducted qualitatively and using ...
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Objective: The clubs are owned by supporters is one of the common forms of football clubs’ governance. Hence, The purpose of this study was to identify the strategies for adopting the model of supporters ownership in the Esteghlal FC.Methodology: This research was conducted qualitatively and using the Grounded Theory and the Systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin. The research data were collected through theoretical and purposeful sampling and based on deep interviews with 8 experts. sampling continued until the research reached a theoretical saturation. Based on the Grounded theory and the systematic approach, the data were analyzed in three stages: open, axial and selective coding. For validation of data that is equivalent to reliability and validity in quantitative research, two methods of Recoding by the researcher and a Member Checking method were used.Results: Based on the results of three stages of coding including open, axial and selective coding, the identified strategies were extracted in the form of legal, social-cultural, governance, educational, organizational and stakeholder management subcategories.Conclusion: It seems that with the cooperation of various institutions of the country and the creation of the necessary platforms in the long term and run the identification of strategies, this model could be implemented in the Esteghlal FC.
Mehdad Namazi; Masoud Imanzadeh; Mehrdad Moharramzadeh
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to design and develop a model to encourage athletes to purchase domestically produced sports goods. Methodology: This is a qualitative research exploratory study conducted in a Grounded theory manner. The statistical population of this study consisted of ...
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Objective: The purpose of the present study was to design and develop a model to encourage athletes to purchase domestically produced sports goods. Methodology: This is a qualitative research exploratory study conducted in a Grounded theory manner. The statistical population of this study consisted of all outstanding and elite athletes in Ardabil province, out of whom 22 were selected as statistical sample(Purposive sampling). And through in-depth interviews, their information was collected. The data obtained from the interviews were coded and analyzed using the data base grounded theory. Results: The analysis of research findings from the five concepts of causal conditions, intervening conditions, contextual conditions, strategies and outcomes in the form of Strauss and Corbin's (1990) coding model showed that: Improving the quality of sports goods, advertising and culture of appropriate use, organizing and refining sports companies, donating commemorative plaques and online shopping are key components in encouraging athletes to purchase domestic sports goods. Conclusion: In general, the results in the form of a qualitative model showed that by adopting a general procedure and policy and by promoting the quality of domestic sports goods, athletes can be encouraged to purchase domestic sports goods and with appropriate strategies such as combating the smuggling of sports goods, promoting the quality of sporting goods within; Information and advertising, can increase sports goods prodution, can nullify economic sanctions, and can increase national solidarity, eventually will happen to the phenomenon of preferring domestic sports goods rather than foreign sports goods.
zahra taslimi; mehr ali hemati nejad; Mohammad Hasan Gholizade; mohammad hasan pasvar
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to provide a framework with a focus on self-financing basis for grassroots sport federations.Methodology: Qualitative research method in which to answer the research questions grounded theory method is used. Data collection methods such as interviews, observation and ...
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Objective: The aim of this study is to provide a framework with a focus on self-financing basis for grassroots sport federations.Methodology: Qualitative research method in which to answer the research questions grounded theory method is used. Data collection methods such as interviews, observation and document review were conducted. The study population included all scholars, managers and experts formed to deal with the issue of financing. According to the method of Grounded-theory, theoretical sampling was done. Analyze data using a three-stage open coding, axial and selective using version 5.2 software Atlas.Ti was done.Results After open coding, the categories of causal conditions, underlying conditions, and consequences, financial self-sufficiency strategies based grassroots sports federations were extracted. Then in the axial and selective coding, the links between these categories were determined in a paradigmatic model study and final theory took shape.Conclusion: Based on the results, limitations on the funding of sports federations have happened under the influence of various conditions that are expected to be desirable. It seems that, using the strategies found in the model, ideal situation and consequences such as increasing access to financing channels and increasing the efficiency and cost recovery will be achieved.
shamseddin rezaei; mohsen esmaeili
Abstract
Objective: Broadcasting rights are one of the main sources of income for the football industry in the world. The aim of this study is investigation of the broadcasting rights in the Iranian football industry. Methodology: This study has a qualitative approach and the grounded theory was used as a research ...
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Objective: Broadcasting rights are one of the main sources of income for the football industry in the world. The aim of this study is investigation of the broadcasting rights in the Iranian football industry. Methodology: This study has a qualitative approach and the grounded theory was used as a research method. For gathering data high level documents were studied and 31 experts who were aware of this subject were interviewed. The validity of this research was examined and approved by the interviewers and then expert professors. The reliability of it is %76 which was obtained by using the methodology of the auditing result process. For data analysis the continuous comparison method in three stages was used: open, axial and selective coding. Results: Data analysis shows that the Environmental factors, Economic, political and cultural factors, Structural factors of football, Effective managerial factors(government), Behavioral and semantic factors, statutory and legal factors and the codification and Establishment broadcasting rights pattern are seven effective factors in the sale of broadcasting rights. Conclusion: Studies show that the continued refusal of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcaster (IRIB) to pay the television broadcasting fees will make the financial of football industry bankrupt. Also establishing the private television networks and the formation of bargaining committee with the government, parliament and the IRIB organization for sustained financial development of country football industry seems necessary.
adeleh azimi delarestaghi; seyed mohhamad hosein razavi; mohammad reza Boroumand
Abstract
Objective: The research purpose was to identifying the effective context conditions of strategic entrepreneurship deployment in sports business. Methodology: It was a qualitative research (grounded theory). Data collection was done through interview and research background. The population included the ...
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Objective: The research purpose was to identifying the effective context conditions of strategic entrepreneurship deployment in sports business. Methodology: It was a qualitative research (grounded theory). Data collection was done through interview and research background. The population included the members (with expertise in entrepreneurship and business management) of entrepreneurship management faculties and physical education and sport sciences faculties associated with state universities, selected members and instructors of job creation and entrepreneurship in ministry of sport and youth, and selected local sport entrepreneurs. The sampling was theoretical and the underlying factors affecting the establishment of strategic entrepreneurship in sports businesses was defined followed by 21 interviews. Data analysis was conducted through three coding levels of open, axial, and selective. Results: Six indexes were identified as following: government support policies, legal factors, education system, culture factors, commercial policies, and governance factors. Conclusion: To flourish sports business, contexts conditions are required to realize innovations and create competitive advantages. In line with this, governments can play vital roles as facilitator in regulatory, normative, and cognitive approaches and make environment conditions possible for the business owners to deploy strategic entrepreneurship.
Hadi Bagheri; Hashem Kozechian; Mojtana Amiry; Mohammad Ehsani
Volume 5, Issue 2 , January 2017, , Pages 91-107
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the endorsement of Iranian athletes.Methodology: This study was administered by using a grounded theory approach. Interviews (n=29) were conducted with famous athletes and coaches, legislators, and experts that selected by judgment sampling. Data were analyzed according ...
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Objective: This study aimed to analyze the endorsement of Iranian athletes.Methodology: This study was administered by using a grounded theory approach. Interviews (n=29) were conducted with famous athletes and coaches, legislators, and experts that selected by judgment sampling. Data were analyzed according to the open, axial and selective coding by using of Atlas.Ti software.Results: through the three coding phase, categories and sub-categories of athletes endorsement were identified and related to each other as follows: Causal conditions (individual and social factors, business-related factors, professional factors of sports industry, and media-related factors); Intervening and context condition (sociological factors, institutional factors, economic and trade-related factors, and media-related factors); Action strategies (governance actions, socio-cultural actions, sports organizations’ actions, commercial contract-related actions, media-related actions); and Consequences (social, national economy, professional, marketing and media consequences). Finally, coding paradigm described and theory was created.Conclusion: Current limitations of Iranian athletes’ endorsement have occurred under various situation. It is far from desired situation that may have undesirable consequences. However, it can be achieved desired situations by using practical strategies that may lead to considerable outcomes.
