javad fesanghari; Rasool Norouzi Seyed hossini; marjan saffari; Hashem Kozechian
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed at identification of new technologies in the development of recreational sports: what are drivers and motivations. Methodology: Data were collected through semi-structured interviews using a qualitative approach. In order to analyze the qualitative data, the themes analysis ...
Read More
Objective: This study aimed at identification of new technologies in the development of recreational sports: what are drivers and motivations. Methodology: Data were collected through semi-structured interviews using a qualitative approach. In order to analyze the qualitative data, the themes analysis method was used (Brown and Clark, 2006). Results: The findings of this study showed that the drivers and motivations for using new technologies to develop recreational sports are put into five perspective: sports competencies, sports intelligence, innovation and knowledge efficiency in recreational sports, internationalism in recreational sports and transformation and increasing social orientation are divided into sports technologies.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, To develop recreational sports, new technologies can be used, which should be the main objective of enhancing the social trend toward technologies that are used to develop sport in the community. This will be achieved through intelligence of recreational sports and taking advantage of sports innovations.
mehran sardari; Hashem Kozechian; Mohammad Ehsani; mojtaba amiry
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this research was providing a conceptual framework for analyzing ethical marketing in the sports manufacturing industry.Methodology:The research method was selected type of qualitative research qualitative With Grand Theory Approach. The statistical population consisted of two parts ...
Read More
Objective: The aim of this research was providing a conceptual framework for analyzing ethical marketing in the sports manufacturing industry.Methodology:The research method was selected type of qualitative research qualitative With Grand Theory Approach. The statistical population consisted of two parts of the human community (company directors, university professors, etc.) and the information society (books, articles, documents, media pages, etc.). Sampling was judged by a sufficient number based on theoretical saturation (21 people, 44 document). The research tool was a library study and systematic exploratory interviews. instrument validity evaluated and approved based on the legal and scientific credibility of the sample, expert opinion and an agreement between the editors. A conceptual coding method based on matrix and system analysis was used to analyze the data. For data analysis was used the multi-stage coding method with matrix and system analysis approach.Results: The research framework derived from coding included three levels. First level coding was done based on the structural nature of the components and included community, market, management, business, consumption and interaction. The second level coding was based on the role and the environment, the company and the customer was determined. Third level coding was done based on the paradigmatic nature of the components And was includes; assumptions and values, responsibilities and norms, challenges and issues, strategies and solutions and the results and consequences.Conclusion: Based on research findings, it can be said that promotion of ethical marketing in the sports manufacturing industry is possible at different levels, dimensions and stages. Therefore, by overview values and norms, it is better to adopt strategies, resolve challenges, and identify payment considerations, it has achieved the desired outcomes in all three areas of customer, company and environment.
Zeinab Mondalizadeh; Mohammad Ehsani; Hashem Kozechian; Habib Honari
Abstract
Objective: Sustainability in sport development or sport sustainability development is a considered concept attracting attention in today's research. Sustainability is a main theme in the sport development. The purpose of this paper is to study concepts of sport sustainability development, its barriers ...
Read More
Objective: Sustainability in sport development or sport sustainability development is a considered concept attracting attention in today's research. Sustainability is a main theme in the sport development. The purpose of this paper is to study concepts of sport sustainability development, its barriers and offer solutions to achieve the sport sustainability development.Methodology: The research method was descriptive and the research strategy was qualitative. In this regard, we used library studies and interviews with sport management professors, sport managers, athletes and sport coaches. Participants were 14 persons. The sampling strategy was acute one and in this regard, we used content analysis of interviews.Results: The result showed that sustainable development in sport would be achieved through social participation with social, economic and institutional dimensions. The Other research findings were the classification of barriers included managerial, structural, environmental, behavioral and legal one. Sustainable development strategies argued by experts was including development of strategic plan appropriate to environmental changes, ratification of the program through law and legal bodies such as Islamic consultative assembly, fit out of sport structure with international law and removing legal vacuum in sport through lawyers. Conclusion: Therefore, the attention of managers, politicians and all institutions can provide backgrounds to development of sustainability goals in sport and to provide economic and social effects in society and institutions.
Tahmaseb Shirvani; Mohammad Ehsani; Hashem Kozechian; mojtaba amiry
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was designing competencies model for sports marketer managersby using grounded theory. Methodology: The research method was qualitative and done with exploratory nature of foundation. The Statistical population research includes sport management professors, CEOs and Iranian ...
Read More
Objective: The aim of this study was designing competencies model for sports marketer managersby using grounded theory. Methodology: The research method was qualitative and done with exploratory nature of foundation. The Statistical population research includes sport management professors, CEOs and Iranian Marketers of Premier Football League clubs, Football Federation were members of the Marketing Committee. Based on grounded theory, the interviews were coded and analyzed. Results: In sum 682 source codes were obtained from analyzing 17 interviews. After extracting the same codes, 109 were distinct open source. 109 open source codes were design from 23 group coded centered include: Personality, Behavior, Worthy, Organizational intelligence, emotional intelligence, Strategic intelligence, competitive intelligence, business intelligence, moral intelligence, business intelligence, cultural intelligence, political intelligence, social intelligence, Managerial, scientific, Athletic, Technical, Marketing mix management, Customer management, sales management, brand management, market segmentation, global marketing, market research and marketing of ethical Islamic. Axial codes were designed from 4 groups of selective code include: merit-based election code, intellectual, professional and selective classified. Finally, the research model was designed in pyramid (four levels). Conclusion: The model presented in this study can be used as an instrument for identifying competence of Sport marketing manager of football clubs.
Mohammad Ehsani; Hashem Kuzechian; Mohammad Khabiri; Mehdi Azadan
Abstract
Objective: Crowd management has been a necessary and integral part of the management of any event due to diverse and large amount of attendees. Mismanagement of crowd might cause irreparable losses. The goal of this study was to explore the challenges of crowd management in Iran’s Premiere ...
Read More
Objective: Crowd management has been a necessary and integral part of the management of any event due to diverse and large amount of attendees. Mismanagement of crowd might cause irreparable losses. The goal of this study was to explore the challenges of crowd management in Iran’s Premiere Football League in order to have an effective plan in this case. Methodology: The research was conducted using qualitative method with exploratory nature. Data were collected using 23 deep interviews with selective sampling and snowball technique. We employed thematic analysis to code and analyze data. Results: Results showed the existence of challenges in 57 concepts. These concepts were changed to 14 secondary concepts in second phase of coding. Finally we had 5 main category or theme in third phase of coding including structure, behavior, policy making, socio-cultural and identity of crowd management. Conclusion: Awareness of those holding football matches in Iran from challenges presented in this paper could make them to try and plan for better management of challenges. This finally will lead to an increase in satisfaction of attendees and their decision to return, increase in safety and security standards and finally social and economic benefits.To design an effective crowd management model in Premiere League, a serious and careful consideration of these results originating from deep viewpoints of experts is proposed.
Mehdi Khatibzadeh; hashem kozechiyan; afshar honarva; Hosin Sadeghi Saghdel
Abstract
Objective: Attendance of spectators at sporting events makes high economic income and the quality of sport venue is one of the most important factors influencing spectator’s attendance at sporting events. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate different factors affecting service quality ...
Read More
Objective: Attendance of spectators at sporting events makes high economic income and the quality of sport venue is one of the most important factors influencing spectator’s attendance at sporting events. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate different factors affecting service quality in Azadi stadium. Methodology: The research method was descriptive – correlation and the statistical sample consisted of 265 spectators attended to Tehran’s Azadi stadium for watching a football game between Esteghlal and Persepolis. The research instrument was Shonk’s Ph.D. dissertation questionnaire. The face and content validity was approved by opinion of sport management instructors and the reliability was verified by the coefficient of Cronbach’s alpha, (α=0/89). The SPSS16 was used for description of variables and testing the research hypothesizes (P<0/05). Also, LISREL software was used for doing Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Results: The result showed “environment of stadium” (factor loading= 0/85), “interaction of staff” (factor loading= 0/73), “price of service and products” (factor loading= 0/71) and “access quality of sport venue” (factor loading= 0/57) had significant effect on sport venue quality. Also, the results of Friedman test showed “access quality of sport venue” (Mean rank= 3/37), “interaction of staff” (Mean rank= 2/22), “environment of stadium” (Mean rank= 2/26) and “price of service and products” (Mean rank= 2/16), respectively, are the most important factors affecting the quality of Azadi stadium. Conclusion: According to the results it can be concluded that from the view point of spectators the environment of stadium have the most effect on the service quality in Azadi stadium that should be noted more than the other variables
Karim Zohrehvandian; Hashem Koozechian; Mohammad Ehsani; Mojtaba Amiri
Abstract
Objective: The The aim of this study was designing model to identify football clubs marketing capabilities in Iran Premier League. Methodology: this research is an Exploratory research with Qualitative nature that used of the grounded theory method. Statistical population was all of the football clubs ...
Read More
Objective: The The aim of this study was designing model to identify football clubs marketing capabilities in Iran Premier League. Methodology: this research is an Exploratory research with Qualitative nature that used of the grounded theory method. Statistical population was all of the football clubs managers and sport management faculty members that selected by Theoretical and Snowball sampling. To collect data, used of Depth interviews by open-ended questions. Results: collected data from 18 interviews coded and analyzed by grounded theory method.Primary codes was 709 that after summarizing codes, they decrease128 codes and Were converted with 18 Axial Codes. This codes were classified to 4 group include football capabilities, infrastructure capabilities, strategic capabilities and operational capabilities. Research model were designed in the form of a pyramid according to relationship between these capabilities. Conclusion: The proposed model can be used as an tool for identification of football marketing capabilities and utilization of this capabilities that logical and systematic manner to marketing, and gaining income and financial independence Club and solve problems
Mehdi Khatibzadeh; Hashem Koozehchian; Afshar Honarvar; Hossin Sadeghi Saghdel
Abstract
Objective: The service quality, satisfaction and intent to return have been always considered a controversial issue. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between service quality with satisfaction and the intent to return of sport tourists.Methodology: The research method ...
Read More
Objective: The service quality, satisfaction and intent to return have been always considered a controversial issue. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between service quality with satisfaction and the intent to return of sport tourists.Methodology: The research method was descriptive – correlative and done as a field study. The statistical sample consisted of 265 tourists attending Tehran’s Azadi stadium to watch the football game between Esteghlal and Persepolis. The research instrument was a questionnaire that had been used in Shonk’s Ph.D. dissertation. The face and content validity was verified by the sport management experts and the construct validity was approved by Exploratory Factor Analysis and. The reliability was also verified by Cronbach’s alpha method (α=0.89). The SPSS19 was used to do descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis. Also, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were done by LISREL.Results: The results showed that satisfaction didn’t mediate the relationship between service quality and the intent to return of sport tourists. Although, satisfaction had a significant effect on the sport tourists' intent to return, the service quality had greater effect on sport tourists' intent to return. Moreover, the influence of service quality on satisfaction was significant.Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that development of sport tourism service quality and its related factors increase sport tourists' satisfaction and their intent to return.
Hadi Bagheri; Hashem Kozechian; Mojtana Amiry; Mohammad Ehsani
Volume 5, Issue 2 , January 2017, , Pages 91-107
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the endorsement of Iranian athletes.Methodology: This study was administered by using a grounded theory approach. Interviews (n=29) were conducted with famous athletes and coaches, legislators, and experts that selected by judgment sampling. Data were analyzed according ...
Read More
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the endorsement of Iranian athletes.Methodology: This study was administered by using a grounded theory approach. Interviews (n=29) were conducted with famous athletes and coaches, legislators, and experts that selected by judgment sampling. Data were analyzed according to the open, axial and selective coding by using of Atlas.Ti software.Results: through the three coding phase, categories and sub-categories of athletes endorsement were identified and related to each other as follows: Causal conditions (individual and social factors, business-related factors, professional factors of sports industry, and media-related factors); Intervening and context condition (sociological factors, institutional factors, economic and trade-related factors, and media-related factors); Action strategies (governance actions, socio-cultural actions, sports organizations’ actions, commercial contract-related actions, media-related actions); and Consequences (social, national economy, professional, marketing and media consequences). Finally, coding paradigm described and theory was created.Conclusion: Current limitations of Iranian athletes’ endorsement have occurred under various situation. It is far from desired situation that may have undesirable consequences. However, it can be achieved desired situations by using practical strategies that may lead to considerable outcomes.
Mohsen Ismaeili; Mohammad Ehsani; Hashem Kozechih; Habib Honari
Volume 5, Issue 1 , May 2016, , Pages 137-152
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this research was to design a model of market orientation to affect customer behavior and service quality in water recreational sport centers. Methodology: The research type was applied and descriptive. Statistical populations was the individuals in water sport centers which five ...
Read More
Objective: The aim of this research was to design a model of market orientation to affect customer behavior and service quality in water recreational sport centers. Methodology: The research type was applied and descriptive. Statistical populations was the individuals in water sport centers which five biggest centers were selected. Sampling method was stratified and there were two groups including customers and staff. The tools were questionnaire, interview, observation, and library study. Data was analyzed using SEM method with by AMOS and SPSS software. Results: Results showed market orientation did not have directly significant influence on customer behavior, but had influence on service quality and this variable can be considered as a mediator between market orientation and customer behavior. Also, market orientation culture had greater impact on service quality in comparison with market intelligence. Among components of service quality, proportionality variable had greatest regression weight. There was significant relationship between market intelligence and market orientation culture. Conclusion: To develop the marketing strategies, sport center managers should consider the factors such as customer orientation, competitor orientation, inter functional coordination, and knowledge of the market environment. In order to develop service quality, they should improve innovation, creativity, and attractiveness in their operations.
Mahdi Khatibzadeh; Hashem Koozechian; Afshar Honarvar
Volume 5, Issue 1 , May 2016, , Pages 169-184
Abstract
Objective: The interaction between service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty has been always a controversial issue. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between service quality, satisfaction and the intention to return of sport tourists.Methodology: The research ...
Read More
Objective: The interaction between service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty has been always a controversial issue. So, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between service quality, satisfaction and the intention to return of sport tourists.Methodology: The research method was descriptive–correlation and the statistical sample consisted of 265 tourists attending Tehran’s Azadi stadium for watching a football game between Esteghlal and Persepolis. The research instrument was a questionnaire that had been used in Shonk’s Ph.D. dissertation. The validity was approved by doing exploratory factor analysis and the opinions of sport management experts. The reliability was verified by Cronbach’s alpha method (α=0.89). The SPSS19 was used to do descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis. Also, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were done by LISREL.Results: The results showed satisfaction didn’t mediate the relationship between service quality and the intention to return of sport tourists. Although, satisfaction had a significant effect on sport tourist’s intention to return, the service quality had greater effect on sport tourist’s intention to return. Also, the influence of service quality on satisfaction was significant.Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that increasing sport tourism service quality and its related factors increase sport tourist’s satisfaction and their intention to return.
Hashem Koozechian; Bahman Asgari; Ali Ziaei; Mosa Alizadeh; Nahid Pirjamadi
Volume 4, Issue 1 , June 2015, , Pages 1-17
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize fluctuation factors of Iran wrestling team performance at Olympic Games from the perspective of experts. Methodology: The research sample was selected using purposive and availability sampling and that consisted of 110 people including ...
Read More
Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize fluctuation factors of Iran wrestling team performance at Olympic Games from the perspective of experts. Methodology: The research sample was selected using purposive and availability sampling and that consisted of 110 people including managers of wrestling federation and provincial delegations (25 people), Academic experts (15 people), Coaches of grade І (30 people), and elite wrestlers at the national level (40 people). The instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 42 questions in six subscales that its face, content and content validity was approved. The questionnaire’s reliability was measured by Cronbach''s alpha (0.92). In order to analyze data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods (Friedman test and exploratory factor analysis) were used. General calculations was done using SPSS software at the significant level of p≤0/05. Results: Results showed that the factor of management and planning has the greatest impact on fluctuations of Iran’s wrestling team performance at Olympic Games and factors of academic issues, Public relations and media, identification and development of talents, Qualification of management and sport events are the next priorities. Conclusion: It is recommended that wrestling federation officials considering these factors and their priorities, try to remove the obstacles in order to witness stable developments and no fluctuations in Iran wrestling team performance at the international arena such as Olympic games.
Bahzad Izadi; Mohammad Ehsani; Hashem Koozechian; Farshad Tojari
Volume 4, Issue 2 , June 2015, , Pages 57-70
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this research was to investigate management role on improving fan relationship quality in Iranian premier Football league. Methodology: The research was a developmental research considering the purpose and a mixed research considering the nature of data. The statistical population was ...
Read More
Objective: The purpose of this research was to investigate management role on improving fan relationship quality in Iranian premier Football league. Methodology: The research was a developmental research considering the purpose and a mixed research considering the nature of data. The statistical population was consisted of football fans which were older than sixteen years. 527 questionnaires were selected as study sample from 674 gathered questionnaires based on the research definition of fan which tells a fan should attend above 8 games of their favorite team in a season. Descriptive and inferential statistics including Kolmogroff- Smirnoff, Pearson correlation, and structural equation models (SEM) were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that fan relationship management factors have positive and significant effect on relationship quality. They also proved that service quality (0.405) and knowledge management (0.536) have a direct and positive significant effect on relationship quality. Conclusion: According to results, organizational support can improve relationship quality through service quality and knowledge management.
Hamidreza Goharrostami; Hashem Kozechian; Mojtaba Amiry; Habib Honari
Volume 2, Issue 2 , July 2014, , Pages 1-17
Abstract
AbstractObjective: National sport development demands collaboration and support of stakeholders involved in national sport so that sport development programs conduct by these stakeholders. But to carry out the programs, organizations deal with a challenge of organizational legitimacy. Therefore this ...
Read More
AbstractObjective: National sport development demands collaboration and support of stakeholders involved in national sport so that sport development programs conduct by these stakeholders. But to carry out the programs, organizations deal with a challenge of organizational legitimacy. Therefore this study intends to design model for providing stakeholders’ interests of Ministry of Sports and Youth emphasizing on organizational legitimacy.Methodology: The Research method was corelational research. For data gathering, literature review, structured interview and questionnaire were used. In the interview session, the conceptual model, the variables and the their relationships among were discussed with 22 managers and experts. Sampling method was stratified. Two groups of stakeholders as primary (national sport federations) and secondary (private sectors involved in sport) were chosen. The research instrument was a questionnaire with optimal validity and reliability values. Structural equation modeling was used for model designing.Results: Research findings showed that stakeholders’ capability of management (=ß 0/80, p =0/001), adaptive culture (=ß 0/32, p =0/001) and organic structure (=ß 0/29, p =0/001) significantly influenced provision of stakeholders’ interests. Also, adaptive culture (=ß 0/46, p =0/001) and organic structure (=ß0/33, p=0/001) significantly affected stakeholders’ capability of management. In addition, Influence of provision of stakeholders’ interests (=ß 0/59, p =0/001) on organizational legitimacy was significant.Conclusion: Based on structural equation model, contextual factors (adaptive culture, organic structure) did not have a direct and positive effect on the provision of stakeholder interests. Thus, the final research model can offer useful understanding about the influnce of research variables for stakeholders.Keywords: Stakeholder management, Stakeholders’ capability of management, Adaptive culture, Organic structure, National sport development.
Hashem Kozechian; Behzad Izadi; Mohammad Ehsani; Saeed Sadeghi Broojerdi; Reza Solimani
Volume 2, Issue 2 , July 2014, , Pages 61-76
Abstract
AbstractObjective: The purpose of this research was to study the influence of risk management practices in decrease of lawsuits concerning public and private swimming pools.Methodology: The statistical population of the research included 310 managers of public and private swimming pools which 119 were ...
Read More
AbstractObjective: The purpose of this research was to study the influence of risk management practices in decrease of lawsuits concerning public and private swimming pools.Methodology: The statistical population of the research included 310 managers of public and private swimming pools which 119 were selected as statistical sample by means of random sampling. The research method was descriptive and survey, and in measurement form. The instruments of the study were 2 questionaires, which one of them evaluated demographic data and general information and the other risk management practices.Qustionaire’s validity were determined by alpha kronbach method. The required information was collected by interviews during the time acting of managers in pools gathered and the data was analyzed by using person correlation coefficient and T-test.Results: The results of this study indicated that: there is not any significant relationship between experience and risk management practices. Significant relationship existed between accidents/injuries in swimming pools and lawsuits in swimming pools. In addition, significant relationship existed between risk management practices and lawsuits.Conclusion: The rate of of accidents and lawsuits can be reduced by applying risk management practices in swimming pools which will can be provided a safe environment for it’s users.Keywords: Risk management, Lawsuits, Pools.
Hashem Kozechian; Mohammad Ehsani; Sayedmortezah Azimzadeh; Asadolah Kordnaeij; Baranda Pitts
Volume 3, Issue 1 , April 2014, , Pages 51-68
Abstract
AbstractObjective: Nowadays, the new enterprises are recognized as the main sources of job creation, innovation and development in today’s business world. Therefore, identifying influencing factors that play key roles in the start-up of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) is critical.Methodology: ...
Read More
AbstractObjective: Nowadays, the new enterprises are recognized as the main sources of job creation, innovation and development in today’s business world. Therefore, identifying influencing factors that play key roles in the start-up of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) is critical.Methodology: Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze factors influencing Small and Medium sized sport Enterprises (SEMs) start-ups and develop a proper model. The methodology followed in this study was descriptive-correlative. The population consisted of owners of small and medium sized sport enterprises (N=1500) from which 258 persons were randomly selected. For data collection, the individual factors questionnaire including entrepreneurial character (α=.77), entrepreneurial skills (α= .75); environmental factors (α=.77); capital factors (α=.77); and the business establishment competence questionnaire (α=.81) were used. To analyze the data, the appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics as well as the structural equation modeling with Amos16 software were used.Results: The results showed that all the three individual, environmental and capital factors had a positive and significant relationship with business establishment. However, the fitted research model showed that only individual factors could play a significant role in establishing an effective sport business; while, the environmental factor also influenced its establishment indirectly through the individual factor.Conclusion: The findings of this research put emphasis on the importance of individual factors in the success of establishing small and medium-sized sports businesses.Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Influential factors, Sport businesses, Start-up.
