Maryam Zeinal Famileh; Hassan Fahim Devin; Mohammad Reza Esmaeilzadeh Ghandehari; Hossein Peymanizad
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the pathology of Iranian table tennis injuries using the Q methodology and provide exit strategies.Methodology: The present study is based on the purpose of applied research; In terms of the nature of exploratory research; In terms of data collection, ...
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Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the pathology of Iranian table tennis injuries using the Q methodology and provide exit strategies.Methodology: The present study is based on the purpose of applied research; In terms of the nature of exploratory research; In terms of data collection, it is a descriptive-survey research, and due to its application, Q methodology is a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) research. Q methodology is a method that includes the simultaneous use of quantitative and qualitative methods; therefore, the results of reviewing and analyzing the information obtained in this study include extracting the main factors mentioned in previous studies and the alignment of these studies in addition to conducting a Q interview to extract the views and opinions of experts. In the present study, 21 active coaches in the Premier League, veterans and elites in table tennis were selected as participants in the study. This selection was made with the help of a combination of purposeful and unlikely sampling and snowball sampling. The data analysis method was exploratory factor analysis and Varimax rotation.Results: The findings showed that the mental patterns of experts including sports justice, concerned about the future of education, 2 (c) important in the whole history (money and patronage), the suffering of the treasure is not possible, slowly but steadily forward, updating only for Not software, economic pressure from all directions, planning strategists, 3 (d) basic = expertise, commitment, continuity.Conclusion: On this, it can be concluded that the necessary measures should be taken to develop the sport of table tennis by promoting education and proper planning, and to provide the ground for the development of this sport.
vahid nazari; Seyyed Mohammad Hosein Razavi; morteza dousti; Farzam Farzan
Abstract
Objective: Professional sports have become an integral part of profit-driven economic structures, with their existence rooted in sports clubs. Consequently, the development and extensive activities of professional sports are impossible without sports clubs. This study aims to qualitatively analyze the ...
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Objective: Professional sports have become an integral part of profit-driven economic structures, with their existence rooted in sports clubs. Consequently, the development and extensive activities of professional sports are impossible without sports clubs. This study aims to qualitatively analyze the causal, contextual, and intervening factors influencing the establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran.Methodology: This research employed a qualitative approach using grounded theory methodology. The statistical population consisted of all experts in the field of professional volleyball club management in Iran. Participants included 20 key and experts, selected through theoretical sampling. The trustworthiness and dependability of the study were established using credibility criteria across 10 indicators. Interviews continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. A set of concepts and categories were derived through open, axial, and selective coding processes.Results. The findings of this study suggest that legal and economic factors in the causal conditions section, financial and legal factors in the contextual conditions section, and investment factors in the facilitating intervening conditions section, as well as management factors in the constraining intervening conditions section, significantly impact the establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran.Conclusion: The establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran requires a legal framework to rationalize the conditions for the presence of privately and cooperatively owned teams, based on revenue generation from sports club activities.
seyede asefe hoseini; seyed mohhamad hosein razavi; Saeed amirnejad; seyed emad hoseini
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to design a model of gender equality in Iranian sports (with emphasis on championship and professional sports). Methodology: The present research method was qualitative with grounded theory approach (data theory). Data collection was done by reviewing the ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to design a model of gender equality in Iranian sports (with emphasis on championship and professional sports). Methodology: The present research method was qualitative with grounded theory approach (data theory). Data collection was done by reviewing the theoretical foundations and research backgrounds and semi-structured interviews with 11 knowledgeable experts. The statistical population included faculty members of sports science and sociology, female athletes and coaches active at the championship and professional levels, directors of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, the National Olympic Committee, sports federations, and provincial and city sports delegations. Sampling was performed theoretically and after 11 interviews, the resulting theoretical saturation and model framework were formed. The validity of this study was reviewed and confirmed by the researcher and the interviewees. In order to measure the quality of the coding, the agreement method between the two coders based on Cohen's kappa coefficient (0.79) was used. Data analysis was performed using three steps of open, axial and selective coding. Results: In the causal conditions section, 3 central categories (justice and equality, egalitarian movements, fundamental intellectual developments), background conditions, 4 central categories (regulatory approaches, cognitive approaches, normative approaches, value approaches), interventionist conditions, 6 categories Axis (injustice and discrimination, religious stagnation, sexism, flawed governance structures, historical and traditional stances, marginalization), strategies 4 central categories (structural strategies, organizational strategies, support strategies, executive strategies), and in the consequences section 3 The central category (individual consequences, organizational consequences, socio-cultural consequences) was extracted. Conclusion: Gender perspective should be removed from sports with respect to central justice and the belief in the ability of women in sports should be institutionalized. In this regard, governance, politics, laws and regulations, religion, management and education systems and the media can be the basis for this. Also, benefiting from the influence of political and religious institutions, supporting international institutions, increasing financial resources and civil struggles are all among the appropriate strategies for achieving gender equality in sports.
