Seyed Hasan Harati; Farideh Ashrafi Ganjouei; Abdoreza Amirtash; Zinat Nikaeen
Abstract
Objective: As the security of holding volleyball matches is very important, the purpose of this study was to design a model for enhancement of the security of Iranian volleyball halls.
Methodology: The present study was a descriptive-exploratory study that 115 people from Iranian volleyball halls managers ...
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Objective: As the security of holding volleyball matches is very important, the purpose of this study was to design a model for enhancement of the security of Iranian volleyball halls.
Methodology: The present study was a descriptive-exploratory study that 115 people from Iranian volleyball halls managers and authorities, heads and experts of volleyball associations of provinces, as well as university professors who were expert in the field of sport events and facility, and violence and aggression, responded modified stadium security questionnaire (Faraji, 2014). The collected data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.
Results: The results showed that the Iranian volleyball halls’ security stand on around four principal areas including match planning and management, physical protection of stadium, infrastructure and personnel respectively with 0.94, 0.84, 0.84 and 0.83 factor loadings. Also, the technology has the most factor loading (0.89) for the infrastructure, the toxic and chemical control of stadium has the most factor loading (0.91) for the physical protection, training and practice has the most factor loading (0.85) for personnel and staff, and finally, the risk and crisis management has the most factor loading (0.87) for match management and planning.
Conclusion: According to the results, the development of security in Iran's volleyball halls depends on proper management and planning. For this reason, paying attention to the operational concepts of risk and crisis management, communication and interactions management, quality of match day services and cultural activities are necessary requirements in the field of security of Iranian volleyball halls.
Maryam Yousefi Paskeh; Farshad Tojari; Zinat Nikaeen
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of present research was to consider causal relationship of reference groups’ demographic characteristics and its effect on purchasing decision process in sport consumers. Methodology: The present research is practical and descriptive-correlation. Research statistical population ...
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Objective: The purpose of present research was to consider causal relationship of reference groups’ demographic characteristics and its effect on purchasing decision process in sport consumers. Methodology: The present research is practical and descriptive-correlation. Research statistical population is all of physical education students in Guilan University Province which statistical samples were selected classified accidental. For gathering data was used research-made questionnaire and content validity of questionnaire was confirmed by 12 experts. Also, its reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha (0.95) and composite reliability. To analyze data and investigating model fitting was used structural equation modeling and PLS software. Results: According to analysis of course was revealed that variable of reference groups’ demographic features has positive and significant relationship with informational influence, utilitarian influence and value-expressive (0.79, 0.68 and 0.74) directly; but it didn’t have significant influence on purchasing decision making directly. Also, variables of informational influence, utilitarian influence and value-expressive influence (0.10, 0.64 and 0.22) had positive and significant relationship with purchasing decision directly. Conclusion: Generally, reference groups’ demographic features by influencing on three types of informational influence, utilitarian influence and value-expressive influence can be determinative of purchasing decision making in consumers considerably. Thus, sport stores in marketing strategies and keeping consumer should consider to factors and influencing ways on consumer purchasing behavior.
