University of GuilanJournal of Sport Management and Development2322-480013320241022Paradigm Model of Afghannistani Refugees’ Participation in SportParadigm Model of Afghannistani Refugees’ Participation in Sport125827310.22124/jsmd.2020.18294.2463FAAliAfrouzehAssistant Professor of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranNasrollahSajjadiProfessor of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranMehrzadHamidiAssociate Professor of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranRasoulSadeghiAssociate Professor of Demography, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20200929Aim: The purpose of pf this study was to design the participation model for Afghanistani refugees in sport. Methodology: This was qualitative research, and grounded theory was used considering the research nature. In this research, Subjects were chosen by using purposive and snowball sampling methods and a homogenous approach considering maximum diversity at the same time. Accordingly, 18 Afghan athletes, coaches, and sports experts were chosen as samples. To analyze qualitative data, latent content analysis was employed. The interview was conducted as a data collecting tool. After implementation, coding was performed within three steps, including open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Findings: After identifying and classifying the primary codes, 73 subcategories and 27 core categories were obtained. Some categories such as acceptance in community and health status were placed in the causal class. Lifestyle and management situation were assigned to the contextual class, and socioeconomic factors were placed in intervening class. Attitude change and rule modification were assigned to strategies. Some categories such as social capital and cultural development were classified as consequences. Conclusion: it seems that the development path of sport participation of refugees is subject to the law so that if law and rules are modified and limitations are reduced there will be more access to sports spaces and communities. In this case, refugees will feel free in choosing the type and method of physical activity, and participation development will be facilitated.Aim: The purpose of pf this study was to design the participation model for Afghanistani refugees in sport. Methodology: This was qualitative research, and grounded theory was used considering the research nature. In this research, Subjects were chosen by using purposive and snowball sampling methods and a homogenous approach considering maximum diversity at the same time. Accordingly, 18 Afghan athletes, coaches, and sports experts were chosen as samples. To analyze qualitative data, latent content analysis was employed. The interview was conducted as a data collecting tool. After implementation, coding was performed within three steps, including open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Findings: After identifying and classifying the primary codes, 73 subcategories and 27 core categories were obtained. Some categories such as acceptance in community and health status were placed in the causal class. Lifestyle and management situation were assigned to the contextual class, and socioeconomic factors were placed in intervening class. Attitude change and rule modification were assigned to strategies. Some categories such as social capital and cultural development were classified as consequences. Conclusion: it seems that the development path of sport participation of refugees is subject to the law so that if law and rules are modified and limitations are reduced there will be more access to sports spaces and communities. In this case, refugees will feel free in choosing the type and method of physical activity, and participation development will be facilitated.https://jsmd.guilan.ac.ir/article_8273_c7db6ce4eb4e75e5f39e2144bd06dabd.pdfUniversity of GuilanJournal of Sport Management and Development2322-480013320241022Designing a model of influencing factors on the development of performing sports in Guilan provinceDesigning a model of influencing factors on the development of performing sports in Guilan province2650827410.22124/jsmd.2023.24746.2812FAPedramAshuriMasters in Sports Management, University of Guilan, Rasht, IranShahramShafieeAssociate Professor of Sports Management, University of Guilan, Rasht, IranHosseienBrakhasPhd in Sports Management, University of Guilan, Rasht, IranJournal Article20230520Objective: The purpose of the current research was to design a model of factors affecting the development of performing sports in Gilan province.<br />Methodology: The research method was qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative part, the research method was a systematic exploratory approach, and in the quantitative part, it was descriptive-correlational, applied and field. The statistical population of this research was in the qualitative part of human resources and information sources and in the quantitative part, all the interested people (coaches, athletes, specialists in the performing sports department and managers and experts of the Sports and Youth Department of Gilan Province) were formed. The measurement tool in the qualitative part included a semi-structured exploratory interview, and in the quantitative part, the researcher's questionnaire was made based on the qualitative survey phase of the research (thematic analysis). <br />Results: The results of the quantitative part showed that Individual abilities to participate in dramatic sports, the environmental base for the growth of performing sports, the infrastructure and facilities of performing sports, and the resources and support of performing sports, respectively, with an effect coefficient of 0.64 and 83. 0, 0.94 and 0.63 percent had a significant effect on the development of performing sports.<br />Conclusion: The findings indicated that Gilan sports managers should provide more conditions and facilities for the development of this field and pay attention to it from various aspects, and they should also use new technologies to design application programs. It provides the development of dramatic sports.Objective: The purpose of the current research was to design a model of factors affecting the development of performing sports in Gilan province.<br />Methodology: The research method was qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative part, the research method was a systematic exploratory approach, and in the quantitative part, it was descriptive-correlational, applied and field. The statistical population of this research was in the qualitative part of human resources and information sources and in the quantitative part, all the interested people (coaches, athletes, specialists in the performing sports department and managers and experts of the Sports and Youth Department of Gilan Province) were formed. The measurement tool in the qualitative part included a semi-structured exploratory interview, and in the quantitative part, the researcher's questionnaire was made based on the qualitative survey phase of the research (thematic analysis). <br />Results: The results of the quantitative part showed that Individual abilities to participate in dramatic sports, the environmental base for the growth of performing sports, the infrastructure and facilities of performing sports, and the resources and support of performing sports, respectively, with an effect coefficient of 0.64 and 83. 0, 0.94 and 0.63 percent had a significant effect on the development of performing sports.<br />Conclusion: The findings indicated that Gilan sports managers should provide more conditions and facilities for the development of this field and pay attention to it from various aspects, and they should also use new technologies to design application programs. It provides the development of dramatic sports.https://jsmd.guilan.ac.ir/article_8274_660d67f0b223a50f409ee131b4dbfcec.pdfUniversity of GuilanJournal of Sport Management and Development2322-480013320241022Strategies and Consequences of Branding International Success of Elite Athletes in Sporting EventsStrategies and Consequences of Branding International Success of Elite Athletes in Sporting Events5176859110.22124/jsmd.2022.21491.2651FAHosseinEydiSport Management, Razi UniversityZeinabRahmati AslSport Management, Razi UniversityLeilaSoltanianSport Management,, Razi UniversityJournal Article20220107<strong>Objective: </strong>Branding is to present a positive image of a country at the international level, which is very effective in removing the false images that exist towards a country. Therefore, the aim of the study was to study the strategies and consequences of international success of elite athletes.<br /><strong>Methodology:</strong> The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach based on data theory theory and thematic analysis. The statistical population of the study included scientific and executive experts in the field of sports management with experience in attending international sports events. 15 people were selected by purposive theoretical sampling and interviewed with them until the theoretical saturation. The validity of the research tool (interview) was confirmed by the interviewees and expert professors and the interdisciplinary agreement method (0.74) was used to assess the reliability.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: research findings showed that socio-political support, development of women's sports, management policies, culture-building and education was strategies and international prestige, international relations, highlighting coaches and athletes and economic development of branding consequences through successes It was a sport.<br /><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the findings suggested that, socio-political support of the government, special attention paid to women's elite sports, strengthening international sports relations and branding of the country through sports successes.<strong>Objective: </strong>Branding is to present a positive image of a country at the international level, which is very effective in removing the false images that exist towards a country. Therefore, the aim of the study was to study the strategies and consequences of international success of elite athletes.<br /><strong>Methodology:</strong> The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach based on data theory theory and thematic analysis. The statistical population of the study included scientific and executive experts in the field of sports management with experience in attending international sports events. 15 people were selected by purposive theoretical sampling and interviewed with them until the theoretical saturation. The validity of the research tool (interview) was confirmed by the interviewees and expert professors and the interdisciplinary agreement method (0.74) was used to assess the reliability.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: research findings showed that socio-political support, development of women's sports, management policies, culture-building and education was strategies and international prestige, international relations, highlighting coaches and athletes and economic development of branding consequences through successes It was a sport.<br /><strong>Conclusion: </strong>According to the findings suggested that, socio-political support of the government, special attention paid to women's elite sports, strengthening international sports relations and branding of the country through sports successes.https://jsmd.guilan.ac.ir/article_8591_5138453769aeace45250c56e6172085a.pdfUniversity of GuilanJournal of Sport Management and Development2322-480013320241022Codification a Model of Attracting and Maintaining Sports Sponsors and Donors in the Field of Women's Sports in Tehran ProvinceCodification a Model of Attracting and Maintaining Sports Sponsors and Donors in the Field of Women's Sports in Tehran Province77107859610.22124/jsmd.2022.22134.2695FANazaninRasekhAssistant Professor of Sport Management, Physical Education Research Institute, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-3568-2916HamidGasemiPayam Noor UniversitySalahDastoomGuilan universitySaeedJafariPh.D. Student of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranSomayehRahbariPhD student in Sport Management, Department of Physical Education, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, IranJournal Article20220413<strong>Objective</strong>: The aim of this study was to systematically analyze the context and system of attracting and maintaining support and charity to women's sports in Tehran province.
<strong>Methodology</strong>: The research method was qualitative and thematic analysis. Research information was extracted from human resources (experts and specialists) and information resources (documents, articles, plans, organizational, academic and related media reports). The sampling method was purposive (based on specific criteria). Sampling estimates were also based on theoretical saturation (96 information sources, 26 interviews).
<strong>Results</strong>: The results showed that the concepts extracted from the interview and theoretical study were framed in 310 components (first coding), 44 categories (second coding), 17 sub-themes and 8 main themes (third coding). The eight levels of the conceptual model included the context, the level of capacity, the level of challenge, the level of system, the level of division of labor and cooperation of organizations, the level of process management, the level of strategies and the level of consequences.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Based on the results of the research, it can be said that the process of attracting and maintaining supporters and benefactors to sports was affected by the environmental background and structural capabilities, and it requires the adoption of appropriate strategies and inter-organizational cooperation in order to take advantage of the capacities and adjust the challenges to achieve the expected results.<strong>Objective</strong>: The aim of this study was to systematically analyze the context and system of attracting and maintaining support and charity to women's sports in Tehran province.
<strong>Methodology</strong>: The research method was qualitative and thematic analysis. Research information was extracted from human resources (experts and specialists) and information resources (documents, articles, plans, organizational, academic and related media reports). The sampling method was purposive (based on specific criteria). Sampling estimates were also based on theoretical saturation (96 information sources, 26 interviews).
<strong>Results</strong>: The results showed that the concepts extracted from the interview and theoretical study were framed in 310 components (first coding), 44 categories (second coding), 17 sub-themes and 8 main themes (third coding). The eight levels of the conceptual model included the context, the level of capacity, the level of challenge, the level of system, the level of division of labor and cooperation of organizations, the level of process management, the level of strategies and the level of consequences.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Based on the results of the research, it can be said that the process of attracting and maintaining supporters and benefactors to sports was affected by the environmental background and structural capabilities, and it requires the adoption of appropriate strategies and inter-organizational cooperation in order to take advantage of the capacities and adjust the challenges to achieve the expected results.https://jsmd.guilan.ac.ir/article_8596_6db83bf9eb032ac7fe7141ffe045f94f.pdfUniversity of GuilanJournal of Sport Management and Development2322-480013320241022Identifying and ranking the policies and procedures of educational sports in times of Covid-19 virus crisisIdentifying and ranking the policies and procedures of educational sports in times of Covid-19 virus crisis108126863610.22124/jsmd.2022.21520.2655FAElahehMedadi NansaPhD of Sport Management, Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-0349-745XJournal Article20220111<strong>Objective</strong>: The aim of this study was to identify and rank the policies and procedures of educational sports at the time of the crisis (case study: prevalence of Covid 19 virus in Iran).<br /><strong>Methodology</strong>: The present research method was survey. The statistical population of the present study included experts familiar with the subject of research. Based on the selection of snowballs, 21 people were identified as the research sample. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. In order to prioritize the policies and procedures regarding educational sports, the TOPSIS method was used due to the prevalence of Covid-19 virus.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: The results showed that the number of 18 executive policies and procedures regarding educational sports were identified. that the leveling of sports training provided in the media and virtual space is the most important policy and the use of popular athletes for sports training and the matching of sports training with the existing facilities and spaces for all groups and individuals, other policies and executive procedures were important in this regard.<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: It seems that educational leveling in educational sports makes distance virtual education practical. For many teenagers and young people, popular athletes are suitable models for identification and internalization, and according to the disparities in students' facilities, the matching of training with the conditions and facilities of different groups will facilitate learning. Therefore, paying attention to these policies and procedures can smooth the success of virtual and distance education in educational sports.<strong>Objective</strong>: The aim of this study was to identify and rank the policies and procedures of educational sports at the time of the crisis (case study: prevalence of Covid 19 virus in Iran).<br /><strong>Methodology</strong>: The present research method was survey. The statistical population of the present study included experts familiar with the subject of research. Based on the selection of snowballs, 21 people were identified as the research sample. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. In order to prioritize the policies and procedures regarding educational sports, the TOPSIS method was used due to the prevalence of Covid-19 virus.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: The results showed that the number of 18 executive policies and procedures regarding educational sports were identified. that the leveling of sports training provided in the media and virtual space is the most important policy and the use of popular athletes for sports training and the matching of sports training with the existing facilities and spaces for all groups and individuals, other policies and executive procedures were important in this regard.<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong>: It seems that educational leveling in educational sports makes distance virtual education practical. For many teenagers and young people, popular athletes are suitable models for identification and internalization, and according to the disparities in students' facilities, the matching of training with the conditions and facilities of different groups will facilitate learning. Therefore, paying attention to these policies and procedures can smooth the success of virtual and distance education in educational sports.https://jsmd.guilan.ac.ir/article_8636_f0c4125d888765e6d54519b3e500b4dd.pdfUniversity of GuilanJournal of Sport Management and Development2322-480013320241022A Qualitative Investigation of the affecting factors on the establishment of Professional management of Iranian volleyball clubsA Qualitative Investigation of the affecting factors on the establishment of Professional management of Iranian volleyball clubs127156863710.22124/jsmd.2022.22143.2696FAVahidNazariPhD Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, IranSeyyed Mohammad HoseinRazaviProfessor, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, IranMortezaDoustiProfessor, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, IranFarzamFarzanAssociate Professor, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Mazandaran, IranJournal Article20220415<strong>Objective:</strong> Professional sports have become an integral part of profit-driven economic structures, with their existence rooted in sports clubs. Consequently, the development and extensive activities of professional sports are impossible without sports clubs. This study aims to qualitatively analyze the causal, contextual, and intervening factors influencing the establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran.<br /><strong>Methodology:</strong> This research employed a qualitative approach using grounded theory methodology. The statistical population consisted of all experts in the field of professional volleyball club management in Iran. Participants included 20 key and experts, selected through theoretical sampling. The trustworthiness and dependability of the study were established using credibility criteria across 10 indicators. Interviews continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. A set of concepts and categories were derived through open, axial, and selective coding processes.<br /><strong>Results</strong>. The findings of this study suggest that legal and economic factors in the causal conditions section, financial and legal factors in the contextual conditions section, and investment factors in the facilitating intervening conditions section, as well as management factors in the constraining intervening conditions section, significantly impact the establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran requires a legal framework to rationalize the conditions for the presence of privately and cooperatively owned teams, based on revenue generation from sports club activities.<strong>Objective:</strong> Professional sports have become an integral part of profit-driven economic structures, with their existence rooted in sports clubs. Consequently, the development and extensive activities of professional sports are impossible without sports clubs. This study aims to qualitatively analyze the causal, contextual, and intervening factors influencing the establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran.<br /><strong>Methodology:</strong> This research employed a qualitative approach using grounded theory methodology. The statistical population consisted of all experts in the field of professional volleyball club management in Iran. Participants included 20 key and experts, selected through theoretical sampling. The trustworthiness and dependability of the study were established using credibility criteria across 10 indicators. Interviews continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. A set of concepts and categories were derived through open, axial, and selective coding processes.<br /><strong>Results</strong>. The findings of this study suggest that legal and economic factors in the causal conditions section, financial and legal factors in the contextual conditions section, and investment factors in the facilitating intervening conditions section, as well as management factors in the constraining intervening conditions section, significantly impact the establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The establishment of professional volleyball club management in Iran requires a legal framework to rationalize the conditions for the presence of privately and cooperatively owned teams, based on revenue generation from sports club activities.https://jsmd.guilan.ac.ir/article_8637_d043695f75b4f8a9970bfe4daabf7fa9.pdfUniversity of GuilanJournal of Sport Management and Development2322-480013320241022A Paradigm Model of Crowdsourcing in the Iran’s Sport for AllA Paradigm Model of Crowdsourcing in the Iran’s Sport for All157179863810.22124/jsmd.2022.20988.2626FAMehdiShoorvaziDoctoral Student of Sports Marketing and Media, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehra, IranHoseinAkbari YazdiAssistant Professor in Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehra, IranAlirezaElahiAssociate Professor in Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehra, Iran0000-0002-4810-1949Journal Article20211116<strong>Objective</strong>: The main purpose of this study was to provide a model of Crowdsourcing in Iran’s sport for all.
<strong>Methodology</strong>: the research method was explorative and qualitative based on Glaser approach. In order to gather information, in-depth interviews with elites in the field of research were conducted. Sampling was followed purposefully by snowball method and finally 17 qualitative interviews were conducted until theoretical saturation. The interviews were analyzed through coding method in three stages: open, axial and selective.
<strong>Results</strong>:164 basic concept codes, 40 dimensions, 10 perspectives and 4 levels were extracted from the transcripts of the interviews. Based on this, the main selected codes (four levels of the model) including capacity fundamental factors, environmental status factors, systemic structural factors and consequential functional factors were identified.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Outsourcing in the sports environment can, in a short period of time, at a low cost and attract the attention (citizens), to the participation of the public interested in public sports in activities such as problem solving, production and development of concepts such as participation in idea generation, innovation, Production and service delivery processes are useful. Therefore, in order to develop the participation of the audience in collective activities and according to the conditions and requirements of the time, a special look at the participatory capacities between communities interested in public sports and existing facilities and equipment can cause better synergy in the development of activities.<strong>Objective</strong>: The main purpose of this study was to provide a model of Crowdsourcing in Iran’s sport for all.
<strong>Methodology</strong>: the research method was explorative and qualitative based on Glaser approach. In order to gather information, in-depth interviews with elites in the field of research were conducted. Sampling was followed purposefully by snowball method and finally 17 qualitative interviews were conducted until theoretical saturation. The interviews were analyzed through coding method in three stages: open, axial and selective.
<strong>Results</strong>:164 basic concept codes, 40 dimensions, 10 perspectives and 4 levels were extracted from the transcripts of the interviews. Based on this, the main selected codes (four levels of the model) including capacity fundamental factors, environmental status factors, systemic structural factors and consequential functional factors were identified.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Outsourcing in the sports environment can, in a short period of time, at a low cost and attract the attention (citizens), to the participation of the public interested in public sports in activities such as problem solving, production and development of concepts such as participation in idea generation, innovation, Production and service delivery processes are useful. Therefore, in order to develop the participation of the audience in collective activities and according to the conditions and requirements of the time, a special look at the participatory capacities between communities interested in public sports and existing facilities and equipment can cause better synergy in the development of activities.https://jsmd.guilan.ac.ir/article_8638_705f2a5112d57992c3d414cdb87e221f.pdfUniversity of GuilanJournal of Sport Management and Development2322-480013320241022Antecedents and Consequences of the Migration of Iran's Elite AthletesAntecedents and Consequences of the Migration of Iran's Elite Athletes180204863910.22124/jsmd.2023.22648.2715FASeyede SaharHashemiM.A in Sport Management, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, IranMisaqHosseini KeshtanAssistant Professor of Sport Management, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, IranHadiBagheriAssistant Professor of Sport Management, Department of Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, IranMohsenRezaiDepartment of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, IranJournal Article20220712<strong>Objective:</strong> The purpose of the present study was to identify the antecedents and consequences of the migration of Iran's elite athletes.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> According to the main purpose of this research, it is applied research, in terms of the nature of the data, it is qualitative based on the paradigm of interpretation and using the phenomenological approach. The participants of the present study were 18 elite immigrant athletes and coaches who were selected in a purposeful way using a case-by-case method. To check the scientific validity of the work, four criteria of reliability, stability, verifiability and transferability were used.
<strong>Results</strong>: The antecedents of the migration of elite athletes were categorized into three main categories: social weaknesses, professional weaknesses, and motivation for personal development and progress, and in the section of the consequences of migration for the country's sports, two main categories were the loss of funds and the creation of a negative image.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> The migration factors of Iran's elite athletes are very diverse, which requires a change in the governance attitude (at both the national and organizational levels) and fundamental reforms in various fields to solve athletes' financial concerns and emphasize performance by creating favorable social conditions. - instead of appearance or individual beliefs - to prevent the loss of sports funds.<strong>Objective:</strong> The purpose of the present study was to identify the antecedents and consequences of the migration of Iran's elite athletes.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> According to the main purpose of this research, it is applied research, in terms of the nature of the data, it is qualitative based on the paradigm of interpretation and using the phenomenological approach. The participants of the present study were 18 elite immigrant athletes and coaches who were selected in a purposeful way using a case-by-case method. To check the scientific validity of the work, four criteria of reliability, stability, verifiability and transferability were used.
<strong>Results</strong>: The antecedents of the migration of elite athletes were categorized into three main categories: social weaknesses, professional weaknesses, and motivation for personal development and progress, and in the section of the consequences of migration for the country's sports, two main categories were the loss of funds and the creation of a negative image.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> The migration factors of Iran's elite athletes are very diverse, which requires a change in the governance attitude (at both the national and organizational levels) and fundamental reforms in various fields to solve athletes' financial concerns and emphasize performance by creating favorable social conditions. - instead of appearance or individual beliefs - to prevent the loss of sports funds.https://jsmd.guilan.ac.ir/article_8639_c61577b589af55f6b536574b8944e643.pdfUniversity of GuilanJournal of Sport Management and Development2322-480013320241022Beyond Procrastination in Sports: Analyzing the Consequences of AbuseBeyond Procrastination in Sports: Analyzing the Consequences of Abuse205224864010.22124/jsmd.2023.23998.2779FAFereshtehMohebbiPh.D. student in Sports Management, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, IranRasoolNorouzi Seyed HossiniAssociate Professor of Sports Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranMarjanSaffariAssistant Professor of Sports Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranHoseynAghaieniyaAssociate Professor of Law, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20230301<strong>Objective:</strong> The purpose of this research was to identify and analyze the consequences of abuse in Iranian sports.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> The research method is qualitative and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. 14 participants were present in this research, including professors, specialists, experts and experts in the field of abuse in sports. In order to analyze the data, the theme analysis method was used.
<strong>Results</strong>: According to the findings of this research, there are eight factors of the consequences of abuse in sports, which are: 1) distress, 2) isolation and loneliness, 3) self-harm of the athlete, 4) blame and frustration, 5) disruption in normal life, 6) Being fingered, 7) tarnishing the family reputation and 8) the unpleasant image of sports.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the results of this research, the effects of abuse on athletes can be severe and continue for a long time after the abuse. For this reason, being aware of the consequences of abuse in sports will make this issue easier to understand and reduce the consequences of abuse in sports.<strong>Objective:</strong> The purpose of this research was to identify and analyze the consequences of abuse in Iranian sports.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> The research method is qualitative and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. 14 participants were present in this research, including professors, specialists, experts and experts in the field of abuse in sports. In order to analyze the data, the theme analysis method was used.
<strong>Results</strong>: According to the findings of this research, there are eight factors of the consequences of abuse in sports, which are: 1) distress, 2) isolation and loneliness, 3) self-harm of the athlete, 4) blame and frustration, 5) disruption in normal life, 6) Being fingered, 7) tarnishing the family reputation and 8) the unpleasant image of sports.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the results of this research, the effects of abuse on athletes can be severe and continue for a long time after the abuse. For this reason, being aware of the consequences of abuse in sports will make this issue easier to understand and reduce the consequences of abuse in sports.https://jsmd.guilan.ac.ir/article_8640_932242e0ca866dc6373ac71ca430c12a.pdfUniversity of GuilanJournal of Sport Management and Development2322-480013320241022The Role of Environmental Knowledge on Environmental Responsibility and Environmentally Friendly Behavior of Paragliding AthletesThe Role of Environmental Knowledge on Environmental Responsibility and Environmentally Friendly Behavior of Paragliding Athletes225248864110.22124/jsmd.2023.23516.2758FAJavadRajablooMaster Student of Sport Management, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran.NaserBayAssistant Professor of Sport Management, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, IranMinooDadban ShahmatAssistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, IranJournal Article20221228<strong>Objective:</strong> This research was conducted with the aim of studying the role of environmental knowledge on environmental responsibility and environmentally friendly behavior of paragliding athletes.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> A survey method was used to conduct this research. All paraglider athletes using the flight site of Ramyan city were considered as the community. In a period of 3 months, 319 paragliding athletes were purposefully selected as samples. Data collection was done using three questionnaires of environmental knowledge (Liang et al., 2016), environmental responsibility (Taufique et al., 2014) and environmentally friendly behavior (Lee et al., 2015). The collected data were analyzed using both descriptive statistics (including frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (specifically, structural equation modeling). The analyses were conducted using two statistical software programs: SPSS version 25 and Smart PLS version 3.
<strong>Results</strong>: The findings showed that environmental knowledge has a positive and significant effect on the environmental responsibility of paragliding athletes. It was also found that the effect of environmental knowledge on the environmentally friendly behavior of paragliding athletes is positive and significant. In addition, the results showed that environmental responsibility has a positive and significant effect on the environmentally friendly behavior of paragliding athletes. Finally, it was found that environmental knowledge has a positive and significant effect on the environmentally friendly behavior of paragliding athletes with the mediating role of environmental responsibility.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Training environmental issues to Paragliding athletes can have positive consequences such as increasing environmental responsibility and developing nature-friendly behavior in them.<strong>Objective:</strong> This research was conducted with the aim of studying the role of environmental knowledge on environmental responsibility and environmentally friendly behavior of paragliding athletes.
<strong>Methodology:</strong> A survey method was used to conduct this research. All paraglider athletes using the flight site of Ramyan city were considered as the community. In a period of 3 months, 319 paragliding athletes were purposefully selected as samples. Data collection was done using three questionnaires of environmental knowledge (Liang et al., 2016), environmental responsibility (Taufique et al., 2014) and environmentally friendly behavior (Lee et al., 2015). The collected data were analyzed using both descriptive statistics (including frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (specifically, structural equation modeling). The analyses were conducted using two statistical software programs: SPSS version 25 and Smart PLS version 3.
<strong>Results</strong>: The findings showed that environmental knowledge has a positive and significant effect on the environmental responsibility of paragliding athletes. It was also found that the effect of environmental knowledge on the environmentally friendly behavior of paragliding athletes is positive and significant. In addition, the results showed that environmental responsibility has a positive and significant effect on the environmentally friendly behavior of paragliding athletes. Finally, it was found that environmental knowledge has a positive and significant effect on the environmentally friendly behavior of paragliding athletes with the mediating role of environmental responsibility.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Training environmental issues to Paragliding athletes can have positive consequences such as increasing environmental responsibility and developing nature-friendly behavior in them.https://jsmd.guilan.ac.ir/article_8641_9a449da1b24586937192466a1cc8e9ae.pdf