Samaneh Nazari; Rahim Ramezaninejad; Hamid Reza Goharrostami; Mohammad Mahdi Rahmati
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this research was to analyze the dominant approaches in women's sports with an emphasis on gender analysis.Methodology: The current research was qualitative research and used thematic analysis method. Therefore, 150 valid research articles were analyzed and coded based on conceptual ...
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Objective: The purpose of this research was to analyze the dominant approaches in women's sports with an emphasis on gender analysis.Methodology: The current research was qualitative research and used thematic analysis method. Therefore, 150 valid research articles were analyzed and coded based on conceptual commonality (gender approache in sport) and purposive sampling technique. The research validation method was also applied based on the presentation and feedback of the research results to the experts for its final approval.Results: Based on the theme analysis of the research data, from 11 basic themes were extracted three organizing themes including the domination of gender norms in sports, media representation of women's sports and gender discrimination in sports were identified, which were able to represent the central theme of gender dominant approaches in women's sports.Conclusion: Based on three basic themes, the change in the roles, attitudes and beliefs of the society towards women's sports can change the gender norms in sports; Quantitative and qualitative representation of women's sports in the media and social media to make appropriate objectification of women's participation; And finally, the establishment of gender equality in rights and benefits, resources, education and management can lead to a better understanding of women's sports and, as a result, create policies and strategic plans in this field.
seyede asefe hoseini; seyed mohhamad hosein razavi; Saeed amirnejad; seyed emad hoseini
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to design a model of gender equality in Iranian sports (with emphasis on championship and professional sports). Methodology: The present research method was qualitative with grounded theory approach (data theory). Data collection was done by reviewing the ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to design a model of gender equality in Iranian sports (with emphasis on championship and professional sports). Methodology: The present research method was qualitative with grounded theory approach (data theory). Data collection was done by reviewing the theoretical foundations and research backgrounds and semi-structured interviews with 11 knowledgeable experts. The statistical population included faculty members of sports science and sociology, female athletes and coaches active at the championship and professional levels, directors of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, the National Olympic Committee, sports federations, and provincial and city sports delegations. Sampling was performed theoretically and after 11 interviews, the resulting theoretical saturation and model framework were formed. The validity of this study was reviewed and confirmed by the researcher and the interviewees. In order to measure the quality of the coding, the agreement method between the two coders based on Cohen's kappa coefficient (0.79) was used. Data analysis was performed using three steps of open, axial and selective coding. Results: In the causal conditions section, 3 central categories (justice and equality, egalitarian movements, fundamental intellectual developments), background conditions, 4 central categories (regulatory approaches, cognitive approaches, normative approaches, value approaches), interventionist conditions, 6 categories Axis (injustice and discrimination, religious stagnation, sexism, flawed governance structures, historical and traditional stances, marginalization), strategies 4 central categories (structural strategies, organizational strategies, support strategies, executive strategies), and in the consequences section 3 The central category (individual consequences, organizational consequences, socio-cultural consequences) was extracted. Conclusion: Gender perspective should be removed from sports with respect to central justice and the belief in the ability of women in sports should be institutionalized. In this regard, governance, politics, laws and regulations, religion, management and education systems and the media can be the basis for this. Also, benefiting from the influence of political and religious institutions, supporting international institutions, increasing financial resources and civil struggles are all among the appropriate strategies for achieving gender equality in sports.
